Std II Mal Module 15.pmd

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1 Ub v ae- pdw - - t v 2 ae-bmfw, ChnFkv ]mtmkq{xwtcj (IcSv) F m-h pw ]T-\-t\ w A[ym-]\ ani-hn-eqss mkv : 2 bqwn v : 7 Adn p Ign mw samuyqƒ 15 kao-ir-xm-lmcw BapJw Blm-chpw Blmc ioe-ßfpw apjy {]ta-b-ambn hcp ]mt-`m-k-am-wn- Xv. icoc hf pw {]hrøn snøm-\p-ff Du -Øn\pw Blmcw \n _- -am-sw v t_m[y-s -Sp- -Xn\v Cu ]mt-`mkw e y-an-sp- p. Bibw Btcm-Ky-tØmsS hf-cm kao-ir-xm-lmcw Bh-iy-am-Wv. CuWw, Xmfw, `mhw ]men v Ihn-X-Iƒ snm kwko-xm-`n-cp-nn-bn-te v \bn- pw. ]T-\-t\- -ßƒ Nn{X-ßƒ Zriy-ßƒ \nco- n v Bi-b-ßƒ, kµ `-ßƒ Is Øn ]dbp- p. kz w Bi-b-ßƒ, hmiy-l-s\m{iaw ]men- p-sim v Ipdn- v, Ubdn XpS-ßnb `mjm hyh-lm-c-cq-]-ßƒ Xøm-dm- p p. hmbn ]mt- Øn \n v \n nx ]Z-ßƒ, {]tbm-k-ßƒ, hmiy-ßƒ F nh Is Øn ]d-bp-ibpw sx p IqSmsX Fgp-Xp-Ibpw snøp- p. CjvS-s hmb\ kma-{kn-iƒ hmbn v Bkz-Zn- p-ibpw hmb-\m-\p-`-h-ßƒ ] p-sh- p-ibpw `mjm-h-kvxp-x-iƒ {]tbm-p-\-s -SpØn kzx-{ -ambn Fgp-Xp- Ibpw snøp- p. hyxykvx tncp-h-iƒ AS-ßn-b-XmWv Blmcw F v Xncn- -dn-bp-ibpw {]IrXym e`n- p Blmc hkvxp- fpw ]miw snøp Blmc hkvxp- fpw Ds v Xncn- -dn-bp p. icoc hf pw {]hrøn snøm-\pw hyxy-kvx-ß-fmb Blmcw Bh-iy-am-sW v Xncn- -dn-bp- p. Blmcw ]miw snøp- Xv hyxykvx coxn-bn-em-sw v Xncn- -dn-bp- p. hyh-lmc cq]-w ]mn-i-ip-dn- v, Nn{X-IY kma-{kn-iƒ F4 t], I{Xn-I, \q, {Itbm, kvsi v s], i -c, Ahn, txß, ]pfn, Ibv]. Ipcp-ap-fIv kabw 3 awn- q {]h Ø-\-ßƒ {]th-iiw (I-S-em-kp-]-Øn-cn) 2. Nn{X-hm-b\ 3. ]dbmw FgpXmw 4. Is Øn FgpXmw 5. hmiyw FgpXmw 6. {]tbm-k-ßƒ Is Ømw 7. Rm Ign- Xv \ndw \ Iq 8. cpnn p t\m mw. 9. tncp-hbpw cpnnbpw 10. hc p tbmpn- n mw 11. h vjo v snømw. 12. ]mbkw Xøm-dm- mw. 13 Fs mw tncphiƒ 14. Ahn Ign mw 15. ]nd- mƒ kzy 16. ]Xn p Xøm-dm mw hmb-\-km-a{kn ]mn-i- p-dn v, ] n-i Blmc km[-\-ßƒ k -thzn IY-Iƒ, ]mn-i- p-dn- v, ]e-lm-c- m- p-iƒ kn.-]n.-sn.f ]mn-i- p-dn v {]Z i-\w, ` y-taf ]Xn v Zn\m-N-cWw Npa ]{Xw : ]mn-i- p-dn- v, Blmc km[-\-ßƒ, Nn{Xw etc. {]h Ø\w kq va-{]-{inb 1) IS-emkp ]Øncn F 4 t] h -Øn sh n tai- p-døv sh p p (IS-emkp ]Øn-cn-bmbn k n- mw) Ip n-i-tfmsv G hpw CjvS-s Blm-c-Øns t]cv t\m p-_p- n Fgp-Xm ]d-bp- p. \nßƒ Fgp-Xnb Blm-csØ Ipdn v Fs mw Adnbmw F v tnmzn- p- p. Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cpw Hmtcm IS-emkp ]Øncn FSp- p- p. elp-n \nß-fpss CjvS-s Blmcw GXv? F n-\mwv Blmcw Ign- p- Xv? Fs -sgm-s -bmwv Blm-cw Ign-bv m-dp-f-fxv? BcmWv Blmcw ]miw snøp- Xv? Blmcw hnfºn Øcp- Xv BcmWv? F m-hcpw Hcp-an- n-cp- mtwm Blmcw Ign- p- Xv? \Ωƒ F m-hcpw \ap v CjvS-s Blm-chpw Blmc coxnbpw ]d- p. F m Hcp ho nse Ip n-i-fmwv tpm_nbpw Pm kn-bpw. Ah-cpsS ho nse Blmc F m-h pw ]T-\-t\ w A[ym-]\anI-hn-eqsS 107

2 coxn Fß-s\-bm-bn-cn pw? Ah v CjvS-s Blmcw GXm-bn-cn pw? Ip n-iƒ {]Xn-I-cn- p- p. So t_m Un tcj-s -Sp-Øp- p. ]mt-]p-kvxiw t]pv 107 se Nn{X-IY hmbn p t\m q. \nßƒ ]d Imcy-ßƒ Xs -bmtwm IY-bn Df-fXv? hy n-kx hmb\ 2. Nn{X-hm-b\ ]mt-]p-kvx-i-ønse Nn{X-IY hmbn- p- p. \nßƒ ]d Imcy-ßƒ Xs bmtwm IY-bn Df-f-Xv. Ip n-iƒ t\csø ]d- -Xp-ambn Xmc-Xayw snøp- p. F m-h pw CXv Is -Øm Ignt m? F p-sim- mwv Ign-bm-ØXv (hmbn- m-\-dn-bn- ) F m-h pw Adn-tbt? H p-iqsn hmbn- p-t\m- q. Adn-bp- Xv ( ) Adn-bm-ØXv (x) CjvSs - Xv ( ) s] kn sim v AS-bm-f-s -Sp-Øp- p. Adn-bmØ ]Z-ßƒ, {]tbm-k-ßƒ ]Z-ti-Jc ]pkvx- I-Øn-te v Fgp-Xp- p. XpS v 3 AwK {Kq n CjvS-s - Xv Adn-bp- -Xv, Adn-bm-ØXv Ah- X-cWw N. s]mxp-a-h-x-c-ww. {Ia-s -Sp-Ø, Adn-bmØ ]Z-ßƒ Ah-bpsS A w F nh t\m p-_p- n F m-hcpw Fgp-Xp- p. (F- m-h pw FgpXn F v So Dd phcp-øp- p) Ct mƒ Cu ]mt-`m-k-ønse F m ]Z-ßfpw F m-h pw Adnbmw F v So Dd v hcp- Øp p. 3, ]dbmw FgpXmw ]mt-`m-k-ønse Bibw a\- n-emtbm F -dn-bm So sndnb tnmzy-ßƒ Nm n {]Z in- n- p- p. Hmtcm tnmzy-ß-fmbn tnmzn- p- p. 1. AΩ Bsc-b- m-amwv Blm-cw Ign- m hnfn- p- Xv? 2. Pm kn F mwv ]d-bp- Xv? tpmkntbm? 3. cmhnse \ mbn Blmcw Ign- Ww F p ]d-bp- Xv F p-sim v? 4. apø»n F mwv ]d-bp- Xv? 5. Blmcw \ -hæw Nh- -c- v Ign- -W-sa v apø»n ]d-bm Imc-Wsa v? 6. Blm-c-Øn Fs mw Dƒs -Sp-Ø-W-sa- mwv tumivs ]d-bp- Xv? 7. Nne Blmc hkvxp- ƒ Hgn-hm- -W-sa v tumivs ]d-bp- Xv F p-sim v? 8.tPmknbpw Pm knbpw IS-bnse Blmcw hmßp- Xv \n Øm Imc-W-sa v? Hmtcm tnmzy-ßƒ pw Ip n-iƒ DØcw ]d-bp- p. AXn\v tijw Ip n-isf 3 AwK {Kq m- p- p. Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Hmtcm tnmzy-øn\pw DØcw t\m p-_p- n Fgp-Xp- p. {Kq n Ah-X-cn- n- p- p. (Hcp tnmzyw AXns DØcw F coxn-bn ) {Kq ns s]mxp Ah-X-cWw sa s -Sp-Ø {]Xn-I-c-W-t]-Pn-te v hmbn- m-\-dn-bm-ø-h C\nbpw F{X t]? {Kq p {]h Ø-\-ß-fn F m-h-cp-ssbpw ] mfnøw Dd p hcp-øm Ignt m? 4. Is Øn FgpXmw (20 an\n v ) {]`mx ` -Ww, Btcm-Kyw, [m\y-ßƒ. t]mj-i-ßƒ XpS-ßnb hm p-iƒ Unkvsπ t_m Un {]Z in- n- p- p. hm p-iƒ Ip n-iƒ hmbn- p- p. (]n-t m- - m p-th n A c Im Up- Iƒ {]tbm-p-\-s -SpØn hm p-iƒ hmbn- m-\p-ff Ah-kcw Hcp mw) AXn\v tijw Cu hm p-iƒ hcp kw`m-jww IY-bn \n v Is -Øp- p. ]d-bp- p. t\m p_p n Fgp-Xp- p. 3 AwK {Kq n N snøp- p. s]mxp Ah-X-c-Ww. So t{imuo-i-cn- p- p. 5. hmiy-sa-gpxmw (20 an\n- v) Blm-cw, BtcmKyw F o ]Z-ßƒ t_m Un Fgp-Xp- p. AXn\v tijw Cu ]Z-ßƒ D]- tbm-kn v hmiy-ßƒ \n Ωn- p- p (hy- n-k-xw) {Kq n sa -s -Sp-Øp- p. Ah-X-cn- n- p- p. IqSp-X DNn-X-amb hmiy-ßƒ D m- nb {Kq ns\ Is -Øp- p. A`n-\-µn- p- p. 1. Btcm-Ky-ap- m-hm \ Blmcw Ign- Ww 2. kao-ir-xm-lmcw Btcm-Ky-Øn\v DØaw 3. \ Btcm-Ky-Øn\v \ Blmcw 6. {]tbm-k-ßƒ Is Ømw (20 an\n v ) km[m-cw hosp-i-fn D m- m-dp-ff Hcp {]mx BWt m ]p pw ]b-dpw. CXpt]mse N bpw amßbpw F {]tbmkw ]mt-`m-køv \n v Is -Ømtam? Ip n-iƒ ]mt-`m-køp \n pw Is -Øp- p. AXn\v tijw CXp-t]m-se-bp-ff {]tbm-k-ßƒ ]mt-`m-køp v. AXv Is Øn IqsS F v tnmzn- p- p. Ip n-iƒ ]mt-`m-køv \n v CØcw {]tbm-k-ßƒ Is -Øp- p. 4 t] AS-ßnb {Kq n Xs Is -Ø-ep-Iƒ ] p-sh- p- p. {Kq v Ah-X-c-W-k-a-bØv So {]tbm-k-ßƒ Nm n F m-h pw ]T-\-t\ w A[ym-]\anI-hn-eqsS 108

3 tcj-s -Sp-Øp- p. N. t{imuo-i-c-ww. t\m p-]p-kvx-i-øn tcj-s -Sp-Øp- p. Ahnepw txßbpw [m\y-ßfpw ]g-ßfpw a yhpw amwkhpw [m\y-ßfpw ]g-ßfpw \ndhpw awhpw N bpw amßbpw {]Xn-I-c-W-t]Pv hmb-\-bn C\n sa -s -ts- -h Dt m? Bsc mw.? Ah v th n F v hmb\ X{ w kzoi-cn mw Ign hmb\ {]h Ø-\-ß-fn \n pw Ct mƒ F v am w?: {]Xn-I-cWt]Pv tej-\-øn C\nbpw sa -s -Sp-tØ- -h Dt m? 7. Rm Ign- Xv \ndw \ Iq C v cmhnse \nßƒ GXv ` -W-amWv Ign- Xv? Ip n-iƒ hy n-k-x-ambn t\m p-]p-kvx-i- Øn Fgp-Xp- p. XpS v Ah Ign Blm-c-Øns t]cv ]d-bp- p. AXn\ptijw F m Znh-khpw Hcp t]mse-bp-ff Blm-c-amtWm Ign- p- Xv F tnmzyw tnmzn- p- p. N snøp- p. hy n-k-x-ambn Fgp-Xp- p. 4 AwK {Kq n N snbvxv sa -s -SpØn Ah-X-cn- n- p- p. AXn-\vtijw HcmgvN Ign Almcw ] n-i-s -Sp-Øm Bh-iy-s -Sp- p. XpS v Nm n ap Iq n Xøm-dm- nb ] ni {]Z in- n- p- p. (]m.-]p.-t]pv 113) ] ni hmbn v hy n-k-x-ambn ]q Øn-bm- p- p. Ah-X-cn- n- p- p. XpS v Blm-c-Øn Dƒs -Sp-tØ LS-I-ßƒ {]Z in- n- p- p. ] n-i-t\m n \nßƒ HcmgvN Ign ` -W-Øn CsX mw Dƒs - n- pt m F v t\m n \ndw simsp- p- p. (]m.-]p. t]pv 113) AXn\v tijw So Nne tnmzy-ßƒ tnmzn- p- p. F m If-ß-fnepw \ndw simsp-ø-h F{X t]? ]IpXn If-ß-fn \ndw simsp-ø-h-cpt m? F mw \ΩpsS Blm-c-Øn Dƒs -Sp-tØ Xt. N. Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw C\nbpw Dƒs -Sp-tØ Blm-c hkvxp- ƒ Xncn- -dn-bp- p. Ip n-iƒ \nk-a-\-øn-se-øn-t -cp- p. \ Btcm-Ky-Øn\v kao-ir-xm-lmcw Bh-iy-am-Wv. 8. cpnn t\m mw Ip n-isf 5 {Kq p-i-fm n Hmtcm {Kq n\pw i -c, ]pfn, Ipcp-ap-f-Iv, Ibv] F nh AS-ßnb In v \ Ip- p. Ip n-iƒ km[-\-ßƒ Xncn- -dn v Ah-bpsS t]cv t\m p-]p-kvx-i-øn Fgp- Xp- p. AXn\ptijw Ah-bpsS cpnn Dulns gp-xp- p. XpS v Hmtcm hkvxphpw cpnn v t\m n bym cpnn Fgp-Xp- p. ]mt-]p-kvxiw t]pv 114 se cpnn FgpXmw F {]h Ø\w hy n-k-x-ambn snøp- p. {Kq n ] ni sa -s -Sp-Øp- p. s]mxp Ah-X-c-Ww. 9. tncp-hbpw cpnnbpw tncp-h-i-fpss kz`m-h-øn-\-\p-k-cn v Blm-c-Øns cpnn-bnepw am w hcpw F Xv Xncn- -dn-bp- -Xn-\p-th n So tnmzy-ßƒ tnmzn- p- p. F m Blm-chpw Htc km[-\-ßƒ D]- tbmkn mtwm D m- p- Xv? tncp-h-i-fn am w hcp-tºmƒ Blm-c-Øn\v cpnn amdptam? ]mb-k-øns cpnn-bmtwm kmºm-dn\v? kmº-dns tncp-h-iƒ ]d-bmtam:? C\n GsX mw ` yh-kvxp- -fpss tncp-h-iƒ \nßƒ -dnbmw? XpS v h vjo v 2124 simsp- p- p. Ip n- Iƒ hy n-k-x-ambn snøp- p. sa -s -Sp-Øp- p. \nk-a\w cq]o-i-cn- p- p. AXn-\vtijw Ah- X-cn- n- p- p. XpS v So -dpss klm-b-øm Blmcw D m- m D]-tbm-Kn- p tncp-h- Iƒ -\p-k-cn v cpnn-bnepw hyxykvx D mhpw F \nk-a-\-øn FØp- p. 10. hc v tbmpn- n mw F m Blm-chpw ]mniw snbvxp D m- p- -h-bmtwm? N kwl-sn- n- p- p. Ahn Ipgbv m ]mniw snøtwm? kmº-dnt\m:? XpS v FÆ ]e-lm-c-ßƒ F {]h Ø\w snøp p (]m.]p t]pv 114) ]mniw snbvxp Ign-bv p- Xv ]mniw snømsx Ign-bv p- Xv F m-h pw ]T-\-t\ w A[ym-]\anI-hn-eqsS 109

4 hy n-k-x-ambn ] ni ]q Øo-I-cn tijw 5 AwK {Kq n N snbvxv sa -s -Sp-Øp- p. XpS v \nk-a\w cq]o-i-cn- p- p. {]IrXym e`n- p ` -W-]-Zm -ßfpw ]mniw snbvxp- m- p Blm-c-h-kvXp- fpw D v. 11. h vjo v snømw Htc coxn-bn-emtwm F mblmchpw ]miw snøp- Xv? GsXms coxn-bmwv D]-tbm-Kn- p- Xv? ]gw s]mcn D m- p- -Xp-t]msebmtWm CÕen D m- p- Xv? N møn D m- p- Xv Fßs\? ]e hkvxp- ƒ Iq n- -e Øn D m- p Blmcw GXv? C\n \ap v hyxy-kvx coxn-bn ]miw snøp Blmcw GsXms sb v Is -Ømw. h vjo v 2127 \ Ip- p. hy n-k-x-ambn Adn-bm-hp Blmcw Fgp-Xp- p. AXn-\vtijw ] n-i-bn Xcw Xncn v Fgp-Xp- p. (hy- n-kxw ) 3 AwK {Kq n sa -s -Sp-Øp- p. Ah-X-cn- n- p- p. s]mxp Ah-X-c-Ww. So th js klm-b-øm Bh-iy-amb Iq nt -ep-iƒ \S-Øp- p. \nk-a\w cq]o-i-cn- p- p. km[\w cpnn Dulw cpnn- p t\m n-b-t mƒ i c ]pfn Ipcp-ap-fIv Ibv] {]Xn-I-cW t]pn-te v Blmc km[-\-ßƒ A\p-tbm-Py-amb coxn-bn Xcw-Xn-cn- m Ign-bp- p-t m? \nk-a\ cq]o-i-c-w-øn t\cn {]bmkw 12. ]mbkw Xøm-dm mw (20 an\n- v ) ]m.]p t]pv 125 se ]mbkw Xøm-dm mw F `mkw hy n-k-x-ambn hmbn v tncp-h-ifpw Xøm-dm- p hn[hpw N snøp- p. ]cn-n-b-s -Sp- p. ]mb-k-ønse tncp-h-iƒ Fs mw F v Is -Øp p ]d-bp- p. {]Xn-I-cW t]pn-te v kzbw hmbn v Bibw {Kln- m km[n- -h F{X t]? C\nbpw hmb- \-bn ]pd-tim v \n p- -h-cp-t m? 13. Fs mw tncp-h-iƒ (30 an\n- v ) kmºm-dn\v th tncp-h-iƒ Fs mw? N. XpS v ]m.-]p. t]pv 115 ]qcn- n- p- p. XpS v 3 AwK {Kq n N snbvxv Ah-X-cn- n- p- p. sa -s -Sp-Øp- p. kmºm D m- p- -hn[w hy n-k-x-ambn Fgp-Xp- p. {Kq n N Ah-Xc-Ww. s]mxp-n -bn-eqss sa -s -SpØn t\m p-]q-kvx-i-øn-te v Fgp-Xp- p. XpS v Sn.-Sn. t]pv 336 se Rm Bcv F ] ni Nm n {]Z in- n- p- p. GXmWv Blmcw F v Is - Øp- p. Ah-X-cn- n- p- p. 6 {Kq mbn Xncn v Hmtcm {Kq pw Hmtcm Blm-c-Øns bpw tncph-iƒ t\m n Blm-c-Øns t]cv ]d-bp- p. So ] ni ]q Øn-bm- p- p. 14. Ahn Ipgbv mw (20 an\n v ) Ahn, txß, i c F nh sim p-h v Ahn Ipg v Ip n-iƒ v \ Ip- p. XpS v CXnse tncp-h-iƒ hy n-k-x-ambn Fgp-Xp- p. {Kq n N -snbvxv Ah-X-cn- n- p- p. s]mxp- A-h-X-c-Ww., So -dpss klm-b-øm sa -s -SpØn t\m p-_p- n Fgp-Xp- p. ]n osv So dpw Ip n-ifpw tn v Xmsg-sIm-SpØ hcn-iƒ CuW-Øn snm p- p. Ahep Ipgbv mw l l l i c Ipgbv mw l l l txß XncpΩmw l l l Fs mcp kzmzv l l l IqSp-X hcn-iƒ Iq n-t Øv CuWw Is Øn ]msp- p. F m-h pw ]T-\-t\ w A[ym-]\anI-hn-eqsS 110

5 15. ]nd- mƒ kzy (30 an\n- v ) \nßƒ ]nd- mƒ BtLm-jn- m-dn-t. Fs ms hn`h-ß-fmwv Xøm-dm- m-dp-f-fxv FgpXn t\m q. Ip n-iƒ hy n-k-x-ambn Fgp-Xp- p. Ah-X-cn- n- p- p. A[ym-]nI Nm n tcj-s -Sp-Øp- p. \ΩpsS tpm_n-bpss ]nd- m-fmwv Fs mw hn`-h-ß-fmwv Hcp n-bn- p-f-f- Xv. kzy-bnse hn`-h-ßƒ p-ff tncp-h-iƒ Fs mw? Ip n-i-fpss FÆ-Øn-\-\p-k-cn v t] kvsn p-iƒ (hn-`-h-ß-fpss t]cv Fgp-XnbXv) Hmtcm Ip n-bpw tncp-h-ifpw Xøm-dm- p- -hn[hpw At\z-jn v Is Øn F4 t] -dn Fgp-Xp- p. kmºm tncph ]mn-i- p-dn v hmb\m kma{kn 2159 \ Ip- p. hmb-\, N. 16. ]Xn v Xøm-dm mw Ip n-iƒ Fgp-Xnb ]mn-i- p-dn- p-ifpw ]{X-am-knIfnse ]mn-i- p-dn- p-ifpw Iq n-t Øv mkvxe ]Xn v Xøm-dm- p p. kviqƒ Akw-ªn-bn {]Im-i\w \S- p- p. kn.-]n.-sn.-f-bn {]Z i\w. {]Ir-Xn-bn Bhn-bn FÆ-bn shf-f-øn Nqs -Sp- p- h \n v e`n- p- h thhn-s -Sp- p- h hdp-sø-sp- p- h thhn-s -Sp- p- h amºgw CÕen ]gws]mcn tnmdv ]Øncn \mcß AS ]cn- p-hs sndp-]-b N møn B nƒ ]p v kaqk ISe tzmi F m-h pw ]T-\-t\ w A[ym-]\anI-hn-eqsS 111

6 Ub v ae- pdw - - t v 2 ae-bmfw, ChnFkv hmb-\-bpss hgn-bn-eq-ss F m-h pw ]T-\-t\ w A[ym-]\ ani-hn-eqss mkv : 2 bqwn v : 7 Adn p Ign mw samuyqƒ 15 kao-ir-xm-lmcw Bh-iy-ap-ff km[-\-ßƒ kmºm Xøm-dm mw 1. ]cn v 150 {Kmw 2. henb Dffn 3 FÆw 3. Dcp-f- n-gßv 3 FÆw 4. sh 10 FÆw 5. apcn-ßm- mb 2 FÆw 6. ] - mb 1 FÆw 7. tn\ sndnb IjWw 8. X mfn 5 FÆw 9. hgp-xn\ 1 FÆw 10. aø sndnb IjWw 11. a ƒ s]msn Hcp sndnb kv]q 12. apfiv s]msn Hcp henb kv]q 13. a n-s msn c v henb kv]q 14. Imbw Hcp sndnb IjWw 15. Deph Aev]w 16. PocIw Hcp \pffv 17. txß 1 FÆw Xøm-dm- p hn[w ] -ap-f-iv, shfp-øp- n, Idn-th- n-e, a n- v, sndnb Df-fn, Ipcp-ap-fIv Ch-bn v Nphs hdpøv Ac- p-i-. ]cn v thhn v AXn ] - dn Ij-W-ß-fn v a ns m-sn, a ƒs msn. D v Ch-bn v thhn- p-i. ]IpXn thhm-hptºmƒ ]pfn Hgn- p-i. AXn txß Ac- Xpw tn Øv Xnf- n- pi. Aev]w Ipdp-In-b-Xn\p tijw Cd nsh v No\ - n-bn shfn-s Æ Hgn v h ap-f-iv. ISp-Iv, Idn-th- ne hdp-øn-sp-i. kmºm Xøm. F m-h pw ]T-\-t\ w A[ym-]\anI-hn-eqsS 112

7 Ub v ae- pdw - - t v 2 ae-bmfw, ChnFkv h v jo v F m-h pw ]T-\-t\ w A[ym-]\ ani-hn-eqss mkv : 2 bqwn v : 7 Adn p Ign mw samuyqƒ 15 kao-ir-xm-lmcw F m-h pw ]T-\-t\ w A[ym-]\anI-hn-eqsS 113