en Sixteenth International Linguistics Olympiad Prague (Czechia), 26 30 July 2018 Mẽbêngôkre Xavante: C- p(r), m(r) t, n, nh k(r), ng(r), g before i, u, y b(r) d z before another oral vowel p(r) t s / r before a nasal vowel m(r) n nh b w, (d)j z, r r before w+v: C(+r) V (w)a e ê, i o ô, u à, ỳ y wỳ ã ẽ ĩ õ, ũ (w)a e i o u é â wa ã ẽ ĩ õ after m, mr, n, nh a e i o in disyllabic words: ka- wa- kry-/ngry-, kà-/ngà- hâ- -C m, k n p r t nv bv rv dv Mẽbêngôkre Krĩkatí: b dj m n nh ng -x -nh (Xavante: s/z) p x (m)p (n)t x c/qu -j -n h à ỳ y ê ĩ ô u V ỳ y yh i ẽh u oh VV
2 (a) A. a 9 kak cough B. a hã 6 ga you sg C. bâ 53 py achiote D. bâdâ 35 myt sun E. budu 34 mut neck F. buru 52 pur field G. du/ wapé/ wasa 61 tu to carry H. du di 62 tu tik belly I. ẽne 15 kẽn stone J. hâ 42 ngryk angry 37 ngà men s house 24 kry [cold] 8 kà [skin/bark/female breast] K. hâdâ 25 kryt piece of metal L. ma 32 mã greater rhea / to(wards), for M. me/wabzu/sãmra 33 mẽ/rẽ to throw N. mi 48 pĩ wood (material) O. mo/ne/ai aba ré 58 tẽ/mõ to go/to come P. mra 50 prãm hungry Q. mro 51 prõ wife R. na 36 nã mother S. nhi 43 nhĩ meat T. nhorõwa 45 nhũrkwã home U. nho udu 44 nhõkôt chest (of a man) V. no 60 tõ brother W. pa 31 ma liver X. para 47 par foot Y. po 49 po flat and wide Z. ré 54 ràm resin
3 AA. ta/rĩ/sina 55 ta/kà to harvest, to cut off BB. te 57 te leg CC. té 56 tàm raw DD. tebe 59 tep fish EE. to 46 no eye FF. u 38 ngô water GG. ubu 16 kôp fly (insect) 29 kupu to wrap HH. uhâdâ 27 kukryt tapir II. upi 28 kupê to touch JJ. uzâ 30 kuwy fire KK. uzé 26 kudjỳ stench LL. wa 63 twỳm fat, grease MM. wa hã 1 ba I NN. wabu 41 ngrwa pu trunk of moriche palm tree OO. wada 23 krwỳdy, krwỳt- beak PP. wano 14 katõk to explode, to burst QQ. wapru 10 kamrô blood RR. wasi 13 kanhê star SS. wa õ 64 wakõ coati TT. wa ro 12 kangro warm/hot UU. wa u 11 kangô liquid VV. wĩ/pã/simro 2 bĩ/pa to kill WW. zasi 7 jaê nest XX. zé 3 djà pain/to hurt 5 djỳ bitter YY. zu 4 djôm powder/flour ZZ. ra 17 kra son/daughter AAA. rã 18 krã head BBB. re 19 kre to plant 40 ngre egg CCC. ré 39 ngrà dry DDD. rẽ 20 krẽ parakeet EEE. rẽ/si/hu 21 krẽ/ku to eat FFF. ro 22 kro rotten
4 (b) A. Jãm ne ga tẽ? Where are you going? / Where did you go? 1 13. Pur mã ne ba tẽ. I am going to the field. B. Djãm ngô ʼỳr ne ga tẽ? Are you going to the river (= water)? 6. Kati. Inhũrkwã ʼỳr ne ba tẽ. No. I am going home (to my house). C. Djãm ngà ʼỳr ne ga tẽ? Are you going to the men s house? 2. Ãã, ngà ʼỳr ne ba tẽ. Yes, I am going to the men s house. D. Djãm amã tep kĩnh? Do you like fish? 3. Ãã, imã tep kĩnh. Yes, I like fish. E. Djãm amã prãm? Are you hungry? 8. Ãã, imã prãm. Yes, I am hungry. F. Djãm angryk? Are you angry? 1. Kati. Ikĩnh. No. I am happy. G. Djãm amex? Are you well? 16. Kati. Ikanê. No. I am ill. H. Mỳj ne akra krẽn o nhỹ? What is your child eating? 12. Tep ne ikra krẽn o nhỹ. My child is eating fish. Djãm amã tep kĩnh? Do you like fish? I. Djãm kẽn ne ja? Is this a stone? 20. Kati. Pĩ ne wa. No. That is (a chunk of) wood. J. Nhãr anã? Where is your mother? 14. Inã ne pur mã tẽ. My mother went to the field. K. Nhỹm ne bôx? Who arrived? 7. Kubẽ ne bôx. A/The barbarian arrived. L. Djãm arỳm ne ga tep krẽ? Have you already eaten (the) fish? 4. Kati. Ije tep krẽn kêt rã ã. No. I haven t eaten (the) fish yet. M. Mỳj kadjy ne ga pur mã tẽ? What are you going to the field for? 10. Kwỳr kadjy ne ba pur mã tẽ. I am going to the field for manioc. N. Mỳj myt kam ne ga bôx? What time did you arrive? 5. Para kam ne ba bôx. I arrived at dusk. O. Nhỹm nhõ kax ne wa? Whose basket is that? 19. Inhõ kax ne ja. This is my basket. P. Mỳj ne ja? What is this? 9. Ngôkõn ne ja. This is a gourd. Q. Djãm akaprĩre? Are you sad? 18. Ãã, ikaprĩre. Yes, I am sad. R. Mỳkam akaprĩre? Why are you sad? 11. Ikra kanê kam ne ba ikaprĩre. I am sad because my child is ill. S. Mỳj kanê? What is he/she ill with? 17. Kangro kam mẽ kak kam kanê. He/she is ill with fever and cough. T. Djãm arỳm ne ga akra nhõ pidjỳ ỳr tẽ? Have you already gone for your child s medicine? 15. Ikra kadjy ne ba pidjỳ ỳr tẽ nhỹm arỳm kàjbê mex. I went for the medicine for my child, and he/she is already slightly better / a bit good. 1 No distinction is made between present and past tense.
5 (c) Mẽbêngôkre 1. Nhỹm ne kukôj pa? Who killed/is killing the monkeys? 2. Nhỹm ne ngôkõn rẽ? Who threw/is throwing the gourds? 3. Aje kukôj bĩn kêt rã ã. You haven t killed the monkey yet. 4. Djãm arỳm ne aprõ kadjàt kre? Has your wife planted the cotton already? 5. Wakõ ne krwỳdy kêt, krẽ ne krwỳdy. The coati has no beak, the parakeet has a beak. Krĩkatí Mẽbêngôkre 6. cohhyh kwy ( *kuy) fire 7. cup-re kôp-re little fly 8. pohr pur field 9. xy djỳ bitter (d) Krĩkatí (Mẽbêngôkre) Xavante 10. ẽh tyhc dead (tyk) dâ 11. ẽhncuu louse (ngô) u