Bone and connective tissue cancer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±\HDUV $IWHUDGMXVWLQJIRUDJHERWKLQFLGHQFHDQGPRUWDOLW\UDWHVWHQGWREHVLPLODUDPRQJ0lRUL DQGQRQ0lRULZLWKWKHSRVVLEOHH[FHSWLRQRIPRUWDOLW\UDWHVIRUIHPDOHVDWOHDVWLQWKH PLG WR ODWH V 7KHUH LV OLWWOH HYLGHQFH IRU D GHSULYDWLRQ JUDGLHQW LQ LQFLGHQFH RU PRUWDOLW\ 7KH LQFLGHQFH UDWHV RI ERQH DQG FRQQHFWLYH WLVVXH FDQFHU DUH IRUHFDVW WR FRQWLQXH WR LQFUHDVHUHDFKLQJDQDJHVWDQGDUGLVHGUDWHRISHU&,±DPRQJPDOHVDQG SHU &, ± DPRQJ IHPDOHV E\ 7KH DJH VWDQGDUGLVHG PRUWDOLW\ UDWH LV IRUHFDVWWRFRQWLQXHLWVVORZGHFOLQHUHDFKLQJSHU&,±DPRQJPDOHVDQG SHU&,±DPRQJIHPDOHVE\ %HFDXVHRIGHPRJUDSKLFWUHQGVWKLVFRUUHVSRQGVWRLQFUHDVHVLQERWKUHJLVWUDWLRQDQGGHDWK FRXQWVZKLFKDUHSURMHFWHGWRUHDFKUHJLVWUDWLRQV&,±DQGGHDWKV&,± IRUPDOHVDQGUHJLVWUDWLRQV&,±DQGGHDWKV&,±IRUIHPDOHVE\ WKHHQGRIWKHIRUHFDVWLQJSHULRG Chapter 10: Bone and connective tissue cancer 101
Figure 10.1 Historical trends in age specific rates, bone and connective tissue cancer, males (a) Male incidence rates, perspective plot (b) Male incidence rates, contour plot 1990 1980 1970 1960 Rate 40 30 Z 10 0D[LPXPUDWH SHU 40 60 80 1960 1970 1980 1990 00 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 (c) Male mortality rates, perspective plot (d) Male mortality rates, contour plot Rate 25 1995 1990 1985 1980 1975 15 Z 10 5 0D[LPXPUDWH SHU 40 60 80 1975 1985 1995 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 3OHDVHUHIHUWR&KDSWHUIRULQWHUSUHWDWLRQRIFKDUWV 102 Cancer in New Zealand: Trends and Projections
Figure 10.2 Historical trends in age specific rates, bone and connective tissue cancer, females (a) Female incidence rates, perspective plot (b) Female incidence rates, contour plot 1990 1980 1970 1960 Rate 15 Z 10 5 0D[LPXPUDWH SHU 40 60 80 1960 1970 1980 1990 00 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 (c) Female mortality rates, perspective plot (d) Female mortality rates, contour plot Rate 15 1995 1990 1985 1980 1975 10 Z 0D[LPXPUDWH SHU 5 40 60 80 1975 1985 1995 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Chapter 10: Bone and connective tissue cancer 103
Figure 10.3 1996/97, bone and connective tissue cancer, males (a) Male incidence, by ethnicity (b) Male incidence, by deprivation 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Ethnic group (c) Male mortality, by ethnicity 1 2 3 4 5 NZDep96 quintile (d) Male mortality, by deprivation 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Ethnic group 1 2 3 4 5 NZDep96 quintile (WKQLFJURXSNH\ VROH0lRUL WRWDO0lRUL QRQ0lRUL 104 Cancer in New Zealand: Trends and Projections
Figure 10.4 1996/97, bone and connective tissue cancer, females (a) Female incidence, by ethnicity (b) Female incidence, by deprivation 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Ethnic group (c) Female mortality, by ethnicity 1 2 3 4 5 NZDep96 quintile (d) Female mortality, by deprivation 1 2 3 4 5 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Ethnic group 1 2 3 4 5 NZDep96 quintile (WKQLFJURXSNH\ VROH0lRUL WRWDO0lRUL QRQ0lRUL Chapter 10: Bone and connective tissue cancer 105
Figure 10.5 Trends and projections of life cycle stage specific rates, bone and connective tissue cancer (a) Male incidence rates (b) Male mortality rates 0 5 10 15 25 30 0 5 10 15 1960 1970 1980 1990 00 10 1970 1980 1990 00 10 (c) Female incidence rates (d) Female mortality rates 0 5 10 15 0 2 4 6 8 10.H\ 1960 1970 1980 1990 00 10 ±\HDUV 1970 1980 1990 00 10 ±\HDUV ±\HDUV ±\HDUV \HDUVDQGDERYH 106 Cancer in New Zealand: Trends and Projections
Figure 10.6 Trends and projections of age standardised rates, bone and connective tissue cancer (a) Male incidence rates (b) Male mortality rates 3 4 5 6 7 8 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 1960 1970 1980 1990 00 10 1970 1980 1990 00 10 (c) Female incidence rates (d) Female mortality rates 2 3 4 5 1.0 1.5 2.0 1960 1970 1980 1990 00 10.H\ 2EVHUYHG 1970 1980 1990 00 10 ² )LWWHGDQGSURMHFWHG 0LQLPXPDQGPD[LPXPHVWLPDWHV %D\HVLDQFUHGLEOHLQWHUYDO Chapter 10: Bone and connective tissue cancer 107
Figure 10.7 Drivers of change in the cancer burden, bone and connective tissue cancer (a) Male registrations (b) Male deaths Count Count 0 40 60 80 100 0 10 30 40 1960 1970 1980 1990 00 10 1970 1980 1990 00 10 (c) Female registrations (d) Female deaths Count Count 0 40 60 80 0 5 10 15 25 30 1960 1970 1980 1990 00 10.H\ 5LVNHIIHFW 3RSXODWLRQVL]HHIIHFW 3RSXODWLRQDJHLQJHIIHFW 1970 1980 1990 00 10 108 Cancer in New Zealand: Trends and Projections
Table 10.1 Key results, bone and connective tissue cancer Males,QFLGHQFH 0RUWDOLW\ &, FKDQJH &, FKDQJH $JHVWDQGDUGLVHGRUDJHVSHFLILFUDWHSHU ± ± 1XPEHURIFDVHV ± ± Females,QFLGHQFH 0RUWDOLW\ &, FKDQJH &, FKDQJH $JHVWDQGDUGLVHGRUDJHVSHFLILFUDWHSHU ± ± 1XPEHURIFDVHV ± ± &, %D\HVLDQFUHGLEOHLQWHUYDO 3HUFHQWDJHFKDQJHRPLWWHGZKHQHVWLPDWHLVQRWUREXVWEHFDXVHRIVPDOOQXPEHUV Chapter 10: Bone and connective tissue cancer 109