Journal of Dental Hygiene Science Vol., No., pp. ~ (00) " ï ö Vž kn jv šv Á ; \š ~* Comparison of the ate of Error with the Bisecting Angle Technique and the Paralleling Technique YeongAe Lee and Minjung Jo Department of Dental Hygiene, Daegu Health College, BukGu, Daegu City 0, Korea " "#! #!# In order to find out the rate of error according to intraoral standard radiographic techniques, this study analyzed, standard films, and conducted a questionnaire with 0 Daegu Health College students who have used the bisecting angle technique and the paralleling technique. Followed are the results of the study:. The rate of error was the highest in canine from both maxilla and mandible when used by the bisecting angle technique.. The rate of error was the highest in premolar from both maxilla and mandible when used by the paralleling technique.. The technical error was occurred most frequently in elongation.. The rate of error and distortion was higher in the bisecting angle technique than in the paralleling technique.. The processing error was occurred most frequently in light film.. In applying radiographic techniques, the subjects indicated that the vertical angulation of central radiation in the bisecting angle technique and the oral fixation of film holder in the paralleling technique were the most difficult.,fz XPSET Bisecting technique, Paralleling technique, Technical error, Processing error, Film holder B " š;ö & &š jæšb òö & V&>& ôš jr. š ~ ~ V&~ Ï ÊV *š Bº ò~ î Ëçš &b~. ò~ îj šv *š Bº ;{ š *B>Ú ~º, ;{ j *šb &æ òj Ï~æò jj N æ~º š OÒF Òš. ß ;òöbº Gn &Vš¾. /š &Ë ãö& ôf ò~ ßWç O ÒF Òö~ ~š&. Ú&OÒFÒf ;òv&öb &Ë ôš šï~º OÒF Òb ~" ²~ BÒ, ~òã"&v, ž~ ~ W ~ &Vö Ú Ò Ö* ~ b ß ~" ²~ šòfz j ~º " & > º ~ WF" ~"ž&;~ &Vf Ú&OÒFÒöB & Ë ¾ &VB ). ~j "* ç ~ Új * OÒFf ~ò ~òvò ö & ö ~š ~"~Ò $º ~"* Òö ~š šæ ). V B ~*"öbº ;{ Corresponding author Tel: 00 Fax: 000 Email: leeyae@mail.thc.ac.kr j * Ú&OÒFÒ~ Û j > ~. šö Ú&OÒFÒj òv * >ë";öb áú ò~ ªCj Ûš ^Bj k~ ±f Òj ò V * ÎNž VFÛ æ * V. ò á ~&. &ço. \ç jªªcf 00j ú V úræ Dš& ~*" š jª (jª, ï jª ) ªC&çb ~&. J^ Òº " ï j Îv > ãþš º Dš& ~*" 0«j &çb ~&.. \O jªf jª ë&*öb Ë~ jªö ¾æ Πk~ n ~, ç~ Ë" ~ ãöº *Ú ~j^ šö &š ;ž V&~ ) f jv~. ªj n~ Ûmm šç JN~ j jª> ¾*Ú ïj ~&b, ÒÛ&â~ ãöº jª šj 0ª~ *Ú šö & &J šj ~&. ç~ Ëš¾
Comparison of the ate of Error with the Bisecting Angle Technique and the Paralleling Technique ~ ï G;öB & ~º bòú~ ö"ö V Ò OËö Ëj Ò AV r^ö ) ªCöB Bž~&.. ò ¾Ò k f nf WªNj ~&b k ïf Gj ~&.. \~ *$ º Dš& ~*" j &çb ~&bæ ~ Ö" Î ~*" ö² >z > ìb, ÒÏB î^æº ö ~š W>îbæ & z>æ á~&. J^ Ö"f jªªcö" ÖÒ > ì Ú ò~ Û¾Ò& ~&. Ö"V ÚOÒFÒ~ kj V > º ºžf ² & æ & >. Ñ º V~ ÖŽö ~ ãö, v º jª~ ÖŽö ~ ãö, ^ º ç~ k ö ~ ãö, J º *ç¾áö ~ ãö > ). öbº Ñ f v kf b² ¾æ¾ >ë ";öb ^Bš ¾æ¾æ p~bæ Bž~&, VFç~ k" jª¾ò";öb~ kö &šbò ªC ~&. VFç~ kf ç~ Ë, ç~, ç~ >ïï, ÒÛ&â, " â, jª*~ ¾*Ú ªC ~&b, jª¾ò";öb~ kf &*ç, "*ç, ;O, >^, ²jª b ¾*Ú ªC~&. Ò ²> jª ž Ê ²jª, fjª, šžâ f Væ ª~~&.. ö ž * n( ) ªCö ÒÏB jª~, * n(jª>) º b ãö çk ö ÚB.~ 0, Ò~, ² ~, & ~ &b ~ k ö ÚB.~, Ò~, ² ~ & ~ 0,&b, ï b ãö º çk ö ÚB.~, Ò~ 0, ² ~ 0, & ~ 0&b ~k ö ÚB.~, Ò~ 0, ² ~ 0, & ~ 0,& b *Ú,&( ).. ö ž * k n ) VFç~ k () ö ž * n ç~ Ëf çkò~ (.%)öb k Nš &Ë ~k& ~ (.%)öb &Ë Ô² ¾æÒb, ~k (.%) ö jš çk (.%)öb z f knj &. šº š ) ~.% ) ~.%º ² Ô² ¾æÒ b, >ç b ž kš çkò~ öb &Ë ô~ º š ) f ) ~ f ~~&b¾ ç~ëš çk ~köb z ôš ¾æÒ Crandell ) ~ fº çš ~&. ç~ f ~k² ~ (.%)öb &Ë çk& ~ (.%)öb &Ë Ô² ¾æÒb, çk (.%)ö jš ~ k (.%)öb z f knj &. ) ~ ç~köb š.% î~ ö jš jv f Þšîb¾ š ) ~.%º ² Ôf knj &. ç~ >ïïf çk² ~ (.%)öb &Ë çk. ~ öbº ç~ >ïïš ¾æ¾æ p~b, ~k (.%) ö jš çk (.%)öb z f knj &b š ) ~.% ² Ô² ¾æÒ. ÒÛ&âf ~k² ~ (.%)öb &Ë f knj & çk.~ öbº ÒÛ&âš ¾æ¾æ p~b, ç k (.%)ö jš ~k (.%)öb z f knj &. šº š ) f ) ~ öbf jý n &. " âf ~kò~ (.%)öb &Ë ~ çk. ~ f ~k& ~ öbº " âš ¾æ¾æ p~b, çk (.%)ö jš ~k (.%)öb z f kn j &b š ) ~ % öb ² ¾æÒ. jª*~º ~k& ~ (.%)öb &Ë ~ k.~ (%)öb &Ë Ôf knj &b çk (.%)ö jš ~k (.%)öb z f knj &b ) ~.%ö jš öb Ô² ¾æÒ( ). () ï ç~ Ëf çkò~ (0.0%)öB &Ë ~ ~k.~ (%)öb &Ë Ô² ¾æÒb ~k (.%)ö jš çk (%)öb z f knj &b ) ~ 0.%ö j š f knj &. ç~ f ~k.~ (.%)öb &Ë çk& ~ (0.%)öB &Ë Ô² ¾æÒb, çk (.%)ö jš ~k (.%)öb z f knj &b ) ~.%ö jš. Ô² ¾æÒ. ç~ >ïïf çk² ~ (.%)öb &Ë ~ ~k.~ öbº >ïïš ¾æ¾æ p~b ~k (.%)ö jš çk (%)öb z f knj &b ) ~.%öjš ² ¾æÒ. ÒÛ&âf çk& ~ (.%)öb &Ë ~ çk.~ f ~kò~ öbº ÒÛ&âš ¾æ¾æ p~b, ~k * ( : ) ç k ~ k.~ Ò~ ² ~ & ~.~ Ò~ ² ~ & ~ 0 0, ï 0 0 0 0 0 0,, 0,,
ï ö ž k n * Ë..0 %Ï ÒÛ &â " â jª*~ Journal of Dental Hygiene Science Vol., No., pp. ~ (00) ç k ~ k.~ Ò~ ² ~ & ~.~ Ò~ ² ~ & ~. Ë.. %Ï ÒÛ &â " â jª*~.....0. 0. 0.0........ 0....... 0........ 0.....0 0 0.0 *žn~ *~ Q º jª >, j¾ Q º ªN(%) ¾æ................. 0.. 0....... 0.0....0..... 0.0....0.......... 0..... 0. 0... 0.....0.. 0.. 0.... 0. 0.. 0. (%)ö jš çk öb(.%) z f knj &b ) ~.% Ô² ¾æÒ. " âf çkò~ (.%)öb &Ë ² ¾æÒb, ~k (0.%)ö jš çk (.%)öb z f knj &. jª*~º çk& ~ (.0%)öB &Ë ~ k.~ (0.%)öB &Ë Ô² ¾æÒb ~k (.%)ö j š çk (.%)öb z f knj &b¾ ) ~.%ö jš j" Ô² ¾æÒ( ). šç~ Ö" «š " r. š Ú&OÒFÒ j &&º ";öb z º~º kf ç~ Ë" jª~ *~J; ;";öb Ú¾º kž b ¾æÒ. šº ;Ú š bö ~š jª~ OËj ;{ &V~V& æ pbæ B ~jãb ~Ö~º ãëš b, ; Ú š ö ÖB jªj *~ʺ š BZV r^š ÒòB. æ š bj ;{ šš~, ";öb ^ "~f &Vj Ûš º²î~ ;{ *~f OËj ç {ž > ƒ F~º æ & jº~, Ò~º bú& jò &ç~ *ö VV&j dº nïj ÊÖƒ Fš * jº&. () ö Vž * ç~ ï k ïf jªç~ ~j^šf ~j;öb º š~ j~ Ûž ~j^šf~ Nš k ïb ~b kjª~ k ïj Ê kjª> ¾. ïj ~&. ç~ Ë~ ãö " ï öb. mmf.00 mm ~k.~ öb ;& &Ë ~² ¾æÒb ~k² ~ öb. mm &Ë f ïj &. ç~ ~ ãöº çkò~ öb.00 mm ;& &Ë ~&b ~k.~ öb.0 mm &Ë f ïj &. ç~ Ëf ï ö jš öb ïš z b¾ ç~ f ö jš ï öb J J ïš z b ¾æÒ( ). ö ž * ç~ ï ç~ Ë ï ç~ ï (*: mm) ç k ~ k.~ Ò~ ² ~.~ Ò~ ² ~...0..0.00...0.00.00..0.00.0.0.00.00..0....
Comparison of the ate of Error with the Bisecting Angle Technique and the Paralleling Technique O Oö ž * `ÒÛâ ; (*: %).~ ç k Ò~ ² ~ & ~.~ ~ k Ò~ ² ~ & ~.....0.. ï.....0. ï *ç¾áö ~ k \ ª *ç &*ç. ;O >^. ²jª. æ. *ç. &*ç 0. ;O >^. ²jª. æ. ç k ~ k.~ Ò~ ²\~ \~.~ Ò~ ²\~ \~.....0...0. 0........... 0... 0... 0.....0.. *žn~ *~ Q º jª >, j¾ Q º ªN(%) ¾æ. 0......0......0... 0......0....0.. 0... 0... 0..0..0.. 0.....0...... 0...... 0..... 0. 0. 0...... 0....... 0.. () ö ž * ÒÛ&â ; ö ž * ÒÛ&â~ ;º ~k²\~ ï öb.% &Ë ~² ¾æÒb L ÎL.~ öbº ÒÛ&âš ¾æ¾æ p~( ). šº ;öb {ö Ëj Ab çk²\~ ~ ãöº L B *~Êö B š î~ b Òò*. ) *ç¾áö ~ k *ç ¾áö ~ kf ï ÎL & *ç ²jªš &Ë f n &b` š ) ~ f jý ;~ knj ¾æÚî. $ *ö V B º Nš& ìîb¾ ö ÚBº ö jš ï öb knš ² Ôf b ¾æÒº ( ) šº O~ Nšö ž š º j >& > ~ ï j Êö > Žö Vž >ãþö ~ š ÒòB.. J^`ÒÖ ) ;öb &Ë ÚJ~ öb &Ë ÚJ~ f w ~.0%& O ÒF~ ÒOË Ö; >ç º š & ª~ š >ç.š Ú[ ~&b` šº Ë ) ~.% ² ¾æÒ( ). >ç º& Ú[ w öbº ~jf j ª*~ šªf d&.% &Ë ² ¾æ¾, >ç. ~jf jªòš~ šªfj dº š &Ë ÚJÚ b ¾æÒ(, ). šº jªªc ÖöB >ç šçb ¾æ¾º ç~ Ëš¾ ç~ š ž kö jš ² ¾æ ~~º Ö &.
;ö* Ë ÚJ~ $ Journal of Dental Hygiene Science Vol., No., pp. ~ (00) \ ª w > jn(%) ÊF ÒOË Ö; >ç ºV.0 ÊF ÒOË Ö; >ï ºV. ÒÛ~ *~Ö;. \;Ú jª~ *~ ;. Væ 0 0 Ê.`ÒOËÖ; >çºú[ãö \ ª w > jn(%) ~jf jª*~ šªf dv 0. \;ÚöB jª~ OË dv. ~jëoë dv. &皪fçö ÒÛ~ OË ºV. 0 ï ;ö* Ë ÚJ~ $ \ ª w > jn(%) jª;v\ ã. \;Ú jª;v\~ *~ J; \;Ú jª;v\~ ; 0. ing*ö cone~ *~ ºV 0 0 Væ 0 0 kš Ë ôš ¾æÒ~ * \ª ç k ~ k.... ï 0 0....0.~ Ò~ ²\~ \~.~ Ò~ ²\~ \~..... 0.. 0.. ) ï ";öb &Ë ÚJ~ & ª~. f jª~ *~J;š¾ ;j &Ë ÚJ ò ~º b ¾æÒ( ). šº ;Ú jª; *~Ò r jªš Þn~² ¹î ò ;Ú *š Ϫ~ pj ~ & ÛÃj ^² ~º v B ² bæ á~ r^š Òò*. ) kš &Ë ôš ¾æÒ~ * kš &Ë ôš ¾æÒ~ *º L öb ç. ~k Ò~öB kš &Ë ôš ¾æÒ š jªª C Ö"f ~~&( ). ) *ç";öb &Ë ÚJ~ *ç";öb &Ë ÚJ~ f *ç öb ;O b T º Ö;š.% &Ë ² ¾æ¾ jªªc Ö" öb "*ç &*çš &Ë ² ¾æ " ~~& ( ). *ç;ö* Ë ÚJ~ $ \ ª w >j N(%) *ç öb ;O b TVº V Ö;. ;O öb âúº V Ö;. >^; k ö jª ÖV 0. Væ. 0 0 º Ú&OÒFÒ~ ö ÚB ö V ÚÊ kj âî¾ º~ºæ k~ b ~ æö jº ò á Dš& ~*" j &çb >ë Ö" jª ªC~, " ï ~ Û>ëj š> 0«j &çb J^ Ò ~ j¾f?f Ö" áî.. b ãööº ç. ~k ÎL Ò~ ö B k š &Ë ~.. ï b ãööº ç. ~k ÎL ² ~ öb k š &Ë ~.. Fç~ kf ç~ Ëš &Ë n& ~.. k " ï ÎL ï ö jš öb ² ¾æÒ.. jª¾ò";öb~ kf &*çš &Ë n& ~.. f öbº OÒF~ >ç.j, ï öbº jª; ;Úö ;ʺ j &Ë Ú[² î. f *ç";öbº *ç; kj &Ë ÚJò~ º b ¾æÒ. šç~ Ö" «š " r Ú&j ¾ö Ú B f >ç.?b ž kj &Ë ôš º ~, *ç";öb *ç; kj &Ë ÚJò~º b ¾æÒ. V B š kj *š >ë ÎNj š *šb º š Ϫ šš~ *ž BLj &æ " > ƒ ~º æf Žþ ~ V&j J; > ƒ Bž~ F Û >&ö º : æ& º *. š *šbº Ϫ *" žk~ {Ïš jº~. ^^ò. šš : Ú&OÒFÒöB &V>º ~ ². & ~" ~Ò²æ, ² ^,. vò, šç : š~ò_, ^Ò, 00.. Bö: ~j;, ;^Ò,.. *Æ: Ú&jª B~º.ç~ k I, ~, :,.. Barr JH, Stephens G: Dental adiologypertient basic concepts and their applications in clinical practice, W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, pp, 0.. š : ö ž kö &, & š& ^,,.
Comparison of the ate of Error with the Bisecting Angle Technique and the Paralleling Technique. %, æ«>, BÆ: \Ú*k&OÒ.Ò jªfæö Vž ç~ k. \;knšoò.²æ ():,.. Crandell CE, Cause and frequency of intraoral Xray errors by dental, hygiene student. J Dent Educ :,.. Ëö: ~*~ ~OÒ.Ûö ª+, " š ^ ():, 00. (eceived November, 00; Accepted December, 00)