Numerat619.pmd

ñåð³ÿ ô³çè íà «ßäðà, àñòèíêè, ïîëÿ», âèï. 1 /23/ Ïîëó åíèå öèíêà âûñîêîé èñòîòû ñî åòàíèåì... 95 669. 54..,..,.. -,,, 6118,.,,. 1. 12 24... limb. -.. - 4N, 6N (85...9) %. :,,, -,, -,. -. :,, -,.. [1 5].., -,. -. 6 [1; 3,. 13-24]. [1] -. -.,,, -,,., - [6-8].,,, ( 99,99997 % [1], 99,99995 % [2]), (99,9999 99,99995) % [6]. - (3 6) %.,,, -.. (1 1-5 % ) [8] (2 1-5 % ) [6] -.,,. -, -,.. -,. -,.,.

96 -. -. [9,. 52-54] P α i =, (1) P P, P -,, -. i (1). 1. 1. i - a, 7 8 9 1 P 4 2,9. 1-4 - - - *S 6,1. 1-4 - - - Fr 3,7. 1-3 1,3. 1-2 - - Cs 2,2. 1-3 2,3. 1-2 5,6. 1-2 - Rb 9,7. 1-3 2,6. 1-2 5,5. 1-2 - Se 2,7. 1-2 4,1. 1-2 6,9. 1-2 - As 4 5,3. 1-2 4,1. 1-2 - - K 2,1. 1-2 4,7. 1-2 8,7. 1-2 1,4. 1-1 Cd 9,8. 1-2 1,4. 1-1 1,9. 1-1 2,4. 1-1 Na 1,5. 1-1 2,2. 1-1 3,. 1-1 3,9. 1-1 Zn 1 1 1 1 Te 2,9 2,38 2,4 2,6 Mg 15 9,1 6,1 4,8 Li 2,1. 1 2 9,7. 1 1 5,5. 1 1 3,4. 1 1 Sr 5,3. 1 2 4,6. 1 2 1,7. 1 2 1,1. 1 2 Ra 2,4. 1 4 1,1. 1 3 6,. 1 2 4,1. 1 2 Sb 2,9. 1 4 5,9. 1 2 1,9. 1 2 2,1. 1 2 Bi 7,8. 1 4 2,5. 1 3 1,1. 1 3 5,7. 1 2 Ba 2,6. 1 6 1,8. 1 5 2,2. 1 3 1,2. 1 3 Tl 1,4. 1 6 4,3. 1 5 1,9. 1 3 9,8. 1 2 1,8. 1 4 1,3. 1 3 1,2. 1 3 4,8. 1 2 Pb 4,5. 1 6 1,. 1 5 3,5. 1 4 1,4. 1 4 In 2,6. 1 9 2,4. 1 7 3,8. 1 6 8,5. 1 5 Mn - 6,2. 1 9 4,3. 1 7 5,1. 1 5 Ga - 1,4. 1 9 1,2. 1 8 1,7. 1 7 Ag - 3,1. 1 9 2,1. 1 8 2,4. 1 7 Ni - - 1,5. 1 1 8,6. 1 8 Al - - 2,4. 1 9 2,1. 1 8 Sn - - 3,2. 1 1 4,3. 1 8 Cu - - 1,5. 1 1 9,4. 1 9 Au - - - 4,4. 1 11 * -. P As.

97 ñåð³ÿ ô³çè íà «ßäðà, àñòèíêè, ïîëÿ», âèï. 1 /23/ Ïîëó åíèå öèíêà âûñîêîé èñòîòû ñî åòàíèåì..., i < 1 ( Zn),, i > 1 ( Zn).,,,., Cd, Te, Na Mg, 1, -.,,,, -. -. ( 1 / ) - (G 1 /G ) ( / ) - (G /G ) [1, 11]: x x 1 G = G 1 αi 1, x x K G 1 1 G = G G K K α i, (2) ; 1, ; G - ; G 1 G,. i [12,. 38-391; 13,. 284-285].. 1 1 / = f (G 1 /G ) / = f (G /G ) d Mg Zn. (2) i,.. β = 1/ i., - i -., 1 7 (.. 1), 3 %. :., - 7 % - (. 1). x 1 /x 1,,8 T=7K β=9 x K /x 1,,8 T=7K β=,6,6,6,4,4,2 Cd,2 Mg,,6,8 1, G 1 /G,,6,8 1, G K /G ) ). 1. : - ( = 7, = 9); ( = 7 ; =,6).,. [9], -. - t.,, :

98 Nt F ln = k b pb t, (3) N G N ; N t t; 2 M B, k = 5,833 1 ; b = / ;, - T ; p -,..; B F, 2 ; G, ; t -,.,. N N t (3), : G N t = ln. (4) k b p B F N t. 2, - G /F = 2 / 2., G = F h, h,, (3) (4) G /F = h. 2., (G /F = 2 / 2 ) Cd Se 2 Cs N o / N t t, t, t, 7 K 8 K 7 K 8 K 7 K 8 K 2 1,8 1,8,2,6,12 5 26 2 4,6 1,2,28 1 4 2,6 6,8 1,8,4 1 1 5,4 12 1,6 3,6,8. 2,,. -., 1, 1, -., - [9,. 52-54]: W 2 M = 5,833 1 p, (5) T W ; p,.., - [12,. 382], ;,.. (), -. - ().,, () - -.

99 ñåð³ÿ ô³çè íà «ßäðà, àñòèíêè, ïîëÿ», âèï. 1 /23/ Ïîëó åíèå öèíêà âûñîêîé èñòîòû ñî åòàíèåì.... - ( ) limb. limb, -,,. limb., [14,. 25-28]: = 1 - ΔH MA (T MA - T) / (R T MA T x LB ), (6) ΔH MA ; R ; - ; ; LB -,.. B (6) Zn - B [15,. 166, 984; 16,. 356] - ΔT D = T A - T x LB. B. 3. ΔH MZn = 7,33-1 ; T MZn = 693 K; R = 8,31-1 -1 [14,. 26-27]. 3., -., x LB,., D, th / D, % 3 Li,4 677 16,25 1,25 2,5 12 Mg,3 679 14,13 1,17 1,7 13 Al,4 675 18,15 1,32 3,2,113 656 37,37 1,48 4,8 25 Mn,15 69 3.63 1,7.7 28 Ni,3 692,1,9,45,998,2 29 Cu,17 698-5 1,5.926 7,4 31 Ga,3 681 12,5,2 1,18 1,8,5 673 2,25 1,2 2 32 Ge,27 683 1,38 1,19 1,9 47 Ag,2 75-12 2,1,9983,2,2 684 8,5,21 1,121 1,2 48 Cd,5 673 2,25 1,29 2,1,735 539,5 153,5,51 1,2775 27,8,2 682,5 1,5,2 1,164 1,6 49 In,4 673 2,6 1,24 2,4,952 417 376,12 1,653 65,3 5 Sn,19 683 9,4,8 1,1 1,,5 673 2,25 1,29 2,1 51 Sb,14 686,7 5,25,3 1,164 1,6 79 Au,17 697-4 1,43,9951,5 82 Pb,16 69,8 2,2,75,99 1 83 Bi,6 689,5 3,1,6,996 9,4, > 1 < 1. > 1 Cu, Ag Au.,., Li, Mg, Al, G, In, Cd, Sn, Sb, Bi.

1,. 3 ΔT D x LB, = f(δt D, x LB ), ( Zn), lim. T T MA ( - ) (6) [17] : limb = 1 - ΔH MA ΔT MA / R 2 MA x LB. (7) ΔT MA = ΔT th (ΔT th ) (6). ΔT th / ΔT D.,.. ΔT th = ΔT D.. δ : ΔT th / ΔT D = 1 ± δ. (8). 3., δ.. ΔT th ΔT D,., lim,.. - δ - lim. lim [18] -, lim. lim - : 1 q ΔH k = 1+ LB MA, limb R T 2 MA (9) ΔH MA, R,, (6), q LB - Zn B, : dδt dx MA LB * xlb = q LB (1). 4 lim, (9). - lim Al Li, [19] -. [14,. 34-42]. 4. - Zn B k limb p LB q LB k limb k limb [19] Zn Ge Zn Mg Zn Ga Zn Sn Zn Al Zn Li -,15,458,1937,1836,2875 -,7632-3,6166-4,835-4,427-5,58-4,7623-4,2685,33,12,19,7,13,22,1,2 - -. 5, 33 [7]., - K, Na, Pb, Tl, Bi, U,.., -

11 ñåð³ÿ ô³çè íà «ßäðà, àñòèíêè, ïîëÿ», âèï. 1 /23/ Ïîëó åíèå öèíêà âûñîêîé èñòîòû ñî åòàíèåì.... (Cd Hg) (Cu, Ag, Au, Li, Mg, Al).. -,., -., (,2), -. - ( >,2),,.. 5... - limb,,... - - (Ni, Pb, Ge, Sb),., - - -. - -., : Pb, Fe, Cu, Sn, Al, Bi, Ni, Sb,1 % ; As -,5 %; Cd,2 % 99,997 % [2].,,... - -7,, -, 48-2-9-82. () - 6,2 1-4 % ( ). - ( 21-23-238-88) (. %): Cu 1 1-6 ; Ti 1 1-5 ; Ca 8 1-5 ; Al 1 1-5 ; Ni 5 1-6 ; Na 5 1-6 ; Cr 5 1-6 ; Pb 5 1-6 ; Mn 1 1-6 ; Fe 5 1-5 ; B 1 1-6., - 1157-88 99,995 %. - - -2. -2 (,. ) - [21], -. -23, - 16 2. - 5 1. -4 5 1-5 - 1 1-5. - (C, N, O),.,, (~1-4. %),, -., -.,,, - (.. 1). -

12. 5.. (,2) ( >,2) Li Be 2,2,35 **,1 ** Na Mg Al 3,12,1,12 **,25 ** Ca Ti V r Fe Co Ga As Mn Ni Cu Ge 4,19,63 *,45 * 1,5 * Zn,33,2 **,2 **,15 **,2 **,1 **,2 **,5 **,18 ** 1,6 ** <<1 ** Rb Zr Nb Mo Ru Rh In Sn Tc Pd Ag Cd Sb 5,6 *,7 2,1 *,25 *,3 *,2 ** <<1 ** >1 ** 2,5 **,18 **,48 ** Cs Ba Hf Ta W Os Ir Tl Bi Re Pt Au Hg Pb 6,6 * 1,43 *,75 *,2 ** <<1 **,2 ** Ia IIa IV V VI VIII VIII III IV V VII VIII I II IV V *- (. 3); ** - [7; 13,. 284-285]; limb (. 4).

13 ñåð³ÿ ô³çè íà «ßäðà, àñòèíêè, ïîëÿ», âèï. 1 /23/ Ïîëó åíèå öèíêà âûñîêîé èñòîòû ñî åòàíèåì...,,,. -,, -.,,, -. - [11, 22] -. 2,5 3 1-3.%,,. - 1-2. - (Na, K, S, P, As, Se, Cd.) -. -, 95 %. 45 47 º, 38 39 º. (Fe, Ni, Co, Si, Cu, Al, Au, Ag, Pb, Tl, Sb, Bi, Li, Sn, Mn.). 2,3 < 1,5 1-4.%,5 /.,,.... - 2,5.. -,, 15. ~1-4. - 5 1 /.,2 /. 4 6. g =,7,9.. 6, -. 6., 1 5 %. Pb Cd Fe Cu Sn As Al (.) 99,997 1 2 1 1 1 5 1 () 99,998 <,9 13 3,6 <,6 <,1,2 99,9998 <,9 14 <,9 <,1 <,6 <,1 <,3 99,99997 <,9 1,3 <,9 <,1 <,6 <,1 <,3. 6,,, - -. 1,3 1-5 %, -. (- ), : Mg, Si, P, S (1 1-6 %); Cl, K, Ca (2 1-6 %); Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn (3 1-6 %); Ni, Ga, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Y, Nb, Rh, In (4 9) 1-6 %., -. limb -. -

14 -. -. - 4N, - 6N (85 9 %). 1...,..,.... //. 1961, 11.. 633 635. 2...,.... //. 1961, 5.. 23 24. 3...,..,..,.....:, 1965, 17. 4...,.... //.,. 1973, 2.. 17 25. 5...,.... 2.. //. 1994, 2.. 67 72. 6...,..,..,..,.... //... 1966.. 39, 6.. 1259 1266. 7...,...... 11...: -, 1972.. 54 73. 8..... //. 1961.. 11, 4.. 588 595. 9...,.....:, 1969, 23 c. 1..... //... 199.. 1.. 29 3. 11...,..,...,, -. //. 21, 3.. 6 8. 12......:, 1961, 396. 13...,.....:, 1992, 399. 14..,.,.,........:, 1987, 32. 15..,.... 1, 2., 1962, 148. 16...,..... IV...:, 1979, 576. 17. A. Hayes, J. Chipman. //Trans. AIME. 1939. V. 135. P. 85. 18...,..,..,... -... 9-.. -. :,, 23,. 62 64. 19...,..,..,... - limb. //..,,. 22, 1.. 151 155. 2. 364 94... 21...,..,..,..,..,... - -2. //. 1983, 1.. 26 29. 22....,... 1246.. 31.7.21;. 15.5.22.. 5, 3. OBTAINING HIGH - PURITY ZINC COMBINING THE DISTILLATION AND CRYSTALLIZATION PURIFICATION METHODS G.P. Kovtun, A.P. Shcherban, V.D. Virich National Science Center Institute of solid-state physics, materials science and technologies 6118, KharkIv, Ukraine, Academic 1, street. In the present work the analysis and comparison of different purification methods of zinc have been made. The calculation the distillation process of zinc has been made. The calculation results of the equilibrium k B and the limiting k limb segregation coefficients of admixtures in zinc under direction crystallization from the melt have been proposed. On the basis of these calculations and analysis of binary constitutional diagrams the behaviour classification of admixtures in zinc under directional crystallization with conformity to a periodic elements system has been made. The experimental results obtaining high-purity zinc combining the distillation in vacuum and the crystallization from the melt by Czochralski method have been presented. It has shown the opportunity of use combination these methods for getting from primary zinc cleanliness 4N the zinc of classification 6N with high (85 9) % yield such purity. KEY WORDS: high-purity zinc, segregation coefficients, vacuum distillation, directional crystallization, classification of admixtures, mass spectrometry, element analysis.