شبیه سازی و آنالیز ترمودینامیکی سیکل ترکیبی توربین گازی مجهز به پیل سوختی اکسید جامد لوله ای و بررسی میزان برگشت ناپذیری سیستم ترکیبی

Bản ghi

1 ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ - ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﻭﻡ / ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ / ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ / 1391 ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻫﺎﻣﻮﻥ ﭘﻮﺭﻣﻴﺮﺯﺍﺁﻗﺎ* 1 ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻱ ﺩﻛﺘﺮﻱ ﺭﺿﺎ ﺍﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻤﻲ 2 ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻴﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺍﻓﻀﺎـ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻲ ـ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺭﺍﻣﺴﺮـ ﺭﺍﻣﺴﺮـ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ hamoon_pourmirzaagha@yahoo.com ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻜﺪﻩ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻫﻮﺍﻓﻀﺎـ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺧﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﻧﺼﻴﺮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻃﻮﺳﻲ ـ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ـ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ REbrahimi@kntu.ac.ir ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ 90/6/20 : ﺍﺻﻼﺣﻴﻪ 90/7/2 : ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ 91/3/1 : ﭼﻜﻴﺪﻩ : ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﮔﺎﺯ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﻴـﺪﺭﻭژﻥ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻣﺪﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺮ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺳـﻴﻜﻞ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺻﺤﺖ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘـﺖ ﺧـﻮﺑﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺷﺒﻴﻪﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣـﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛـﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘـﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪﻱ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠـﻪ ﺍﻓـﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ % 60 ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﺣﺘـﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ) %32 ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ %28 ﺳﻬﻢ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ( ﻭ %17 ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺍﺳـﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ % 56/9 ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ % 31/4 ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻓـﻮﻕﺍﻟﻌـﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﻭﺍژﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻱ : ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ. ﺷﺒﻴﻪﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﮔﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﺍﻱ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ

2 ﺷﺒﻴﻪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﮔﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ 41 /... ].[5 ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌـﺪﺩ ﺩﻳﮕـﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨـﻪ ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ﻣﺤﻘﻘـﺎﻥ.1 ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻨـﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺷـﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛـﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﻠـﻒ ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ ﭼــﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜـﺎﺭﺍﻥ ] 6 ﻭ [7 ﺍﻧﺠـﺎﻡ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ. ﻳﺎﻧـﮓ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ ] [8 ﺩﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑـﺎ ﺑﻬﺴـﺎﺯﻱ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠـﻲ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻚ ﭘﻴﻞ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﻭ ﺑﻲﺻﺪﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﻣﺸـﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻃـﺮﺍﺣـﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜــﺮﺩ ﻳـﻚ ﺳـﻴـﺴــﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒـﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑـﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻠﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ].[1 ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮﺍﻥ ﻳـﻚ ﻧـ ﻈﺮ ﮔـﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻳـﻚ ﺗـﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔـﺎﺯ ﻣﺸـﺨﺺ ﺑﺮﺭﺳـﻲ ﻛﺮﺩﻧـﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮ ﻓﻦﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎﻱﮔﺎﺯﻱ ﺑـﻪ ﻛـﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ ﻭ ﺗـﺤـﻘـﻴـﻘﺎﺕ ﻣـﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜـــﺮﺩ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﺗـــﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ %60 ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﺎﺯﻱ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻗـﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴـﻚ ﺑﺮﺭﺳـﻲ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ. ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺗﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣـﺪﻭﺩ %30 ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻛـﺎﺭ ﻫـﺎﻱ ﮔﻮﻧـﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﺩﻳﮕـﺮﻱ ﺑـﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈـﺮ ﮔـﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻗـﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺗﺎ %35 ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻧـﻮﻉ ﺍﻛﺴـﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣـﺪ ﺑـﻪ ﺩﻟﻴـﻞ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳـﻲ ﻗـﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻲ ﻛﻢ ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮ ﺩﻣـﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ ﻭ ﻧـﺮﺥ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗـﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﮔـﺎﺯﻱ ﺑـﻪ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ. ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺘﻦ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻫـﺮ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟـﻮژﻱ ﺑﺴـﻴﺎﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺰﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﻛﻞ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻨﺸﺄ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ] 2 ﻭ.[3 ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟﺰﺍ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ. ﻫﺴﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜـﺎﺭﺍﻥ ] 10 ﻭ [11 ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﺔ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭﺍﺧـﺮ ﺩﻫـﺔ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺔ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﮔﺰﺭژﻱ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ 50 ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﻭﻟﻲ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺳﺎﺩﺓ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴـﻴﺪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻨﺪ. ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺿـﺎﻓﻪ ﺷـﺪﻥ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﺳﻂ ﺩﻫﺔ 80 ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪ ﻟﺬﺍ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﺔ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ 27/8 ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﻓـﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻭﺍﻳﻞ ﺩﻫـﺔ 90 ﺑﺮﻣـﻲ ﮔـﺮﺩﺩ. ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ. ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺳـﺎﻝ ﻫﺎﺳـﺖ ﻛـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ) (1 ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗــﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘــﺎﺕ ﺯﻳــﺎﺩﻱ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻗــﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ].[10 ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﺪﻝ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺎﻝ 2000 ﻣﺎﺳـﺎﺭﺍﺩﻭ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻣﺪﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻟﻮﺑﻠﻲﻳﻚ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺔ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻲ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒـﻲ ﺍﻧﺠـﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ].[4 ﻣﺪﻝ ﺭﻳﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ﺁﻥﻫـﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻜـﺮﺩ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻳﻜﻨﻮﺍﺧﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﺒﻴﻪﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻣـﻲﻛـﺮﺩ. ﻛﺎﺳـﺘﺎﻣﮕﻨﺎ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜـﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻲ ﻣﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺗـﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔـﺎﺯ ﺑـﺎ ﺑﺎﺯﻳـﺎﺏ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﻭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﺼــﺮﻓﻲ ﭘﻴــﻞ ﺳــﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻫﻴــﺪﺭﻭژﻥ ﻣــﻲﺑﺎﺷــﺪ. ﺍﺑﺘــﺪﺍ ﺭﻭﺍﺑــﻂ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻛﻮﭘﻞ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ. ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣـﺪﻝﺳـﺎﺯﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﺘﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﺪ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ] [1100 ﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﻴﭘﻴﻴﻞ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﺘﻢ ﺷﻜﻞ ) :(1 ﻧﻤﺎﻳ ﻃﻲ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭژﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨـﺪ. ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺁﻥﻫـﺎ ﺑﺮﺭﺳـﻲ ﻛﺮﺩﻧـﺪ. ﭘـﺎﺭﻙ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜـﺎﺭﺍﻥ ] [9

3 / 42 ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ - ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﻣــﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌــﻪ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ 6 ﺟــﺰء ﺍﺳــﺖ : ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳــﻮﺭ ﻣﺒــﺪﻝ ) (1 ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ)ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﺏ( ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻣﺤﻔﻈـﺔ ﺍﺣﺘـﺮﺍﻕ ﺗـﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺗـﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ m 2 h2 ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺗـﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺗـﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣـﻲﺷـﻮﺩ ﺑـﻪ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ. ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ 1 ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﻣـﻲﺷـﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑـﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ : ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ 2 ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ. ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺒـﺪﻝ ) (2 ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻳﺰﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻴﻚ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ : ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ 3 ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ. ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﮔﺮﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗـﻲ ﺁﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺩﻳﮕـﺮ ﻛـﻪ ﺑـﻪ h2s h1 h2 h1 ) (3 ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺁﻧﺪ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ m1 h2 h1 wc w cs w ca Kc ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻲ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗـﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳـﺮ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺑـﺎ ﺩﻣـﺎﻱ ﺑـﺎﻻ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ : ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ. ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ 5 ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺷـﻮﺩ ) (4 ) m1 (s 2 s1 s gen,c ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺩﺭﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ 6 ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ 7 ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ.2.2 ﻣﺪﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ 8 ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ..2 ﻣﺪﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ. ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﻫﻤـﺔ ﺁﻥﻫـﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻮﺷﺖ ] :[12 ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻱ ﺳـﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒـﻲ ﺗـﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺪﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨـﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ) (5 ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺪﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻓﺮﺿـﻴﻪﻫـﺎﻱ ﺯﻳـﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻧــﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ.1 : ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺁﺩﻳﺎﺑﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻓﺮﺽ ﻣﻲﺷـﻮﻧﺪ.2 ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﺟـﺰﺍ ﭘﺎﻳـﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﺳـﺖ.3 ﺗﻐﻴﻴـﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻧـﺮژﻱﻫـﺎﻱ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺟﻨﺒﺸﻲ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻓﺮﺽ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ.4 ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ.1.2 ﻣﺪﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ. ﺗﺮﻛﻴـﺐ ﻣـﻮﻟﻲ H recup ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻮﺷـﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ : ) (6 ) m 7 (h7 h8 m 2 h3 h2 ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﮔـﺮﻡ ﺧﺮﻭﺟـﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳـﻴﻜﻞ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺍﻳﺪﻩﺁﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ.5 ﺍﺯ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑـﻪ ﺧﻨـﻚﻛـﺎﺭﻱ ﺗـﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺻـﺮﻓﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. T 3 T 2 T 7 T 2 ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻘﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﻡ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒـﺪﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗـﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ : ) (7 ) m 2 (s 3 s 2 ) m 7 (s 7 s 8 s gen, recup ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ 0/21 ﻣﻮﻝ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﻭ 0/79 ﻣﻮﻝ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭژﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳـﻮﺭ.3.2 ﻣﺪﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻡ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﺗﺪ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﻣﺪﻝ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﺔ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴـﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣـﺪ ﻟﻮﻟـﻪ ﺩﺭ ] [13 ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ. ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ : ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺗﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳـﺮ ﺭﺥ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﻡ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺳـﭙﺲ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﺗـﺪ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ m1h1 w c

4 ﺷﺒﻴﻪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﮔﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ 43 /... ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ] 14 ﻭ :[15 ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺷــﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺑــﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘــﺮﻭﺩ ﺍﺳــﺖ. ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻛــﻨﺶ ﻫــﺎﻱ 1 O2 +2e- o O2 ) 8 ﺍﻟﻒ( ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﻛﺎﺗﺪ ) 8 ﺏ( ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺁﻧﺪ H2 +O2- o H2O+2e- ) 8 پ( ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ] :[2 ¹ ) (9 P H O 1 P P H O ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﻴﺘﺔ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﻴﺘﺔ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﻲ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ. ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻝﺳـﺎﺯﻱ ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ﺭﺍﺑﻄـﺔ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻲ ﭘﺎﺗﻠﺮـ ﻭﻟﻤﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ] :[2 ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﻧﺮﻧﺴـﺖ ﻛـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ln ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﻓﻌﺎﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ. ﺍﺗﻼﻑ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ` n e F V exp ª 1 D n e F V º act act «RT RT ¹»¼ ) (11 ﻛﻪ i ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺁﻥ A/m2 ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ. ﺍﺯ RT ne F Eo E ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ) (11 ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ Vact ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑـﻪ ﺩﺳـﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻣـﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﻴﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺩ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭژﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ D ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ 0/5 ﻓـﺮﺽ ﻛﻪ E ﺑﻴﺸﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷـﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺧﻮﺍﻫـﺪ ﺑـﻮﺩ. ﻫﻤﺎﻥﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻭﺍﻛـﻨﺶﺩﻫﻨـﺪﻩﻫـﺎ ﺑﻴﺸـﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ] :[16 i 2io ¹ ) (12 sinh 1 ne F ﻛﺎﺗﺪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ] :[ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻱ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ ﺧـﺎﺭﺟﻲ ) (13 ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﭘﻴﻞ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﻴﺸﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺍﻓﺖﻫﺎ ﻛـﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ : PH PH O Eact, an J an exp RT ¹ Pref ¹ Pref ¹ io, an Po J ca Pref ¹ io,ca ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﻲﺍﻓﺘﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﻲﺷـﻮﺩ E exp act,ca RT ¹ ) ( Pref ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺛﺎﺑﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴـﺎﺯ.1 ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ Vact ﺍﺯ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ) (1 ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﻨﺪ..2 ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ Vohm ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ) :(1 ﺛﺎﺑﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻟﻲ ] [17.3 ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ Vcon ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺳـﺖ. ﻭﻟﺘـﺎژ ﻋﻤﻠﻜـﺮﺩ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﭘـﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ Vcon Vohm Vact ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ : ﻭ ) (10 2 RT Vact ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻟﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻧﻴﻤﻪﺗﺠﺮﺑـﻲ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻧـﺪ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ. ^ i io exp D E Vact Vohm Vcon ﺁﻧﺪ ﻛﺎﺗﺪ 2/ / A γ 2 m ¹ kj E act mol ¹ V ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺟﺰﺋﻲ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﺩﻣﺎ ﻭ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳـﺒﺔ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳــﻴﻮﻥ ﻓﻌــﺎﻝﺳــﺎﺯﻱ Vact ﻭﺍﺑﺴــﺘﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﺳــﺮﻋﺖ ﻭﺍﻛــﻨﺶ ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺩﻫﻨـﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺮﻭﻥﻫـﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣـﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴـﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑـﺮ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ ﻳﻮﻥﻫﺎﺳﺖ. ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑـﺎ ﺩﺍﻧﺴـﻴﺘﺔ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﻴﻞ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣـﻲﺷـﻮﺩ. ﺑـﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﻴﺘﺔ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺍﻓـﺖ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎژ ﻧﻴـﺰ ﺑـﻪ ﺗـﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻓـﺰﺍﻳﺶ O 2 o H2O 1 H2 + ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺸﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳـﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳـﺪ

5 / 44 ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ - ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ. ﺗﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷـﺪﺕ ﺗـﺎﺑﻊ ﺩﻣﺎﺳـﺖ. ﺑـﻪﺧﺼـﻮﺹ ﺩﺭ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﮔﺮﺍﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻣﺆﺛﺮﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ : ﻧﻔﻮﺫ ﺁﻫﺴـﺘﺔ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺸـﮕﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﮔـﺎﺯﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻠﻔـﺎﺕ ﺳـﻠﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺑﺨـﺶ ﺍﺗﻔـﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﻧﺤﻼﻝ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺸﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺁﻫﺴـﺘﺔ ﻣﻲﺍﻓﺘﺪ. ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻧﺪ ﻛﺎﺗﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺖ. ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺸﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻌـﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺠـﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻛـﻨﺶ ﻣﺘﺼﻞﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ] :[18 ) (15 i U an AS D Vohm, an 8d an ) A> A 2 1 A B ) (17 din ) (18 Win i Uca 8D Vohm,ca 8d ca i UeL del Vohm,el i S D Uin Vohm,in A ﻭ B ﺛﺎﺑــﺖﺍﻧــﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻘــﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺁﻥﻫــﺎ ﺑــﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴــﺐ 0/804 ﻭ 0/13 ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ U. ﻭ d ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺗﻼﻑ ﺩﺭ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻥﻫـﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﻣـﻲﺷـﻮﺩ. ﺍﻳـﻦ ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳـﻴﻮﻥ ﺑـﺎ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺣﺪﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﺎ. ﻥ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ : ) (20 i il ¹ ln 1 RT Vcon ne F ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻭﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻫﺮ ﺟﺰء ﭘﻴـﻞ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺣﺪﻱ i L ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻧـﺮﺥ ﻣﺼـﺮﻑ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻫﺮ ﺟـﺰء ﺩﺭ ﺟـﺪﻭﻝ ) (2 ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛـﻪ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺳـﺮﻋﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳـﺔ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ D=22mm. ﻗﻄﺮ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴـﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣـﺪ ﻟﻮﻟـﻪﺍﻱ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣـﻲﺍﻓﺘـﺪ ﻛـﻪ ﻏﻠﻈـﺖ ﺭﻭﻱ Win 11mm ﻋﺮﺽ ﻣﺘﺼﻞﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩﻫﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ. ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠـﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻲ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ ] :[17 ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺪﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ Vcon ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺣﺪﻱ i L ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ b a exp T ¹ ) (19 U ﻛﻪ ﺛﺎﺑﺖﻫﺎﻱ a ﻭ b ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ) (19 ﺩﺭﺟﺪﻭﻝ ) (2 ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ] [17 ﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ) :(2 ﺛﺎﺑﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺒﺒﺔﺔ ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳ M A 9000 ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ].[16 ﻧﺮﺥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﻟﻲ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭژﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺷـﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺑـﺎ ﭼﮕـﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺘﻦ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﺍﺩﻱ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺮﺥ ﻣﻮﻟﻲ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭژﻥ ) (z ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ. a b d ﺁﻧﺪ 0/ ﻛﺎﺗﺪ 0/ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺖ 0/ ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺸﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺮﻭﺩ ﻧﺮﺳـﺪ ﻧـﻮﻋﻲ ﺍﻓـﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﻳـﻚ ﮔﺮﺍﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻮﺩ. ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶﺩﻫﻨـﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻣﺘﺨﻠﺨـﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺮﻭﺩ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻳﺎﺑﻨﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻜـﺎﻧﻴﺰﻡ ﻏﺎﻟـﺐ ﺍﻧﺘﻘـﺎﻝ ﻧﻔﻮﺫ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻭﺍﻛـﻨﺶ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺷـﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻛـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧـﺪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻛـﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻏﻠﻈـﺖ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴـﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻏﻠﻈﺘﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ. ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣـﺪﻥ i. Aact.N ) (21 z ne.f N ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻘـﺪﺍﺭ ﮔﺎﺯﻫـﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟـﻲ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻧﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ : z Uf z 2U a ) (22 ) (23 nh, in z ) (24 ) (25 ) (26 n H 2 O,in z z no2, in n H 2, in no2, in nh, out n H 2 O,out no2,out ﺳﺒﺐ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﭘﻴﻞ ﻣﻘـﺎﺩﻳﺮ

6 ﺷﺒﻴﻪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﮔﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ 45 /... nn 2,in ) (27 nn 2,out ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻫـﺎﻱ ﻓـﻮﻕ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎژ ﻛـﺎﺭﻱ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺑـﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ) (10 ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ. ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ) (28 Vcellll I wfc ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻮﺷﺖ : ) (29 Q surr ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻱ ﻫﺪﺭﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻱ ﻫﺪﺭﺭﻓﺘـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓـﺖ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎژ ﺍﻳﺠـﺎﺩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ. ) i Aact ( E Vcell ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ : m5 h5 m6 h6 wpt 0 ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻳﺰﻭﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻴﻚ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ : h5 h6 h5 h6 s ) (35 I 'Vloss Qsurr m 4s 4 m 3s 3 (ms )fuel s gen, FC K PT ﻧﺮﺥ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ : ) m 5 (s 6 s 5 ) (36 ﻧﺮﺥ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ : ) (31 ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻛﻨﺘـﺮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈـﺮ ﺑﮕﻴـﺮﻳﻢ. m fuel u 1 U f h fuel m4 h4 f l, Fc F f l ﻛﻪ w Fc,dc ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪﻱ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴـﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣـﺪ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻭ ) (30 ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺪﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ) (34 m3 h3 m ffuell, FFc u U f u LHV wffc, dc Qssurr d 0 ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳـﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑـﺮ ﻋﻬـﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ s gen,gt.7.2 ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ ﺗـﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺗـﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻗـﺪﺭﺕ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻮﺷﺖ :.5.2 ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﺧﺮﻭﺟــﻲ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴــﻞ ﺳــﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑــﻪ ﻫﻤــﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﻘــﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻭﺍﻛـﻨﺶ ﻧـﺪﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧـﺪ ﻫﻤـﺮﺍﻩ ﺑـﺎ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻭﺍﻛـﻨﺶ ﻣـﻲﺩﻫﻨـﺪ ﻭ ) (37 0 m 6 h6 m 7 h7 w PT ﻭ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ : ) m 6 (s 7 s 6 ) (38 s gen, PT ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﻣـﺪﻝﺳـﺎﺯﻱ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﺣﺘـﺮﺍﻕ ﻳـﻚ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨـﺪ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫـﻴﭻ ﺍﺗـﻼﻑ ﺍﻧـﺮژﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺭﺥ ﻧﻤﻲﺩﻫﺪ. ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﻘﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻮﺷـﺖ ] :[19 ) (39 ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻮﺷﺖ ] :[19 ) (32.3 ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻟﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ m1h1 m ffuell, Fc U f LHV LH H Qcombb m8 h8 0 Qsurr WFc wpt Qloss l F, dc d P (m3 U f u m fuel, Fc )h4 Qcomb m5 h5 Qloss ﻛﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻱ ﻫﺪﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ 0 ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﻧـﺮﺥ ﺍﻧـﺮژﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺗﻌﺮﻳـﻒ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ : Qloss ) (33 Tsurr ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳـﺮ ﺗﻌﺮﻳـﻒ m5 s5 m4 s4 (ms ) fuel f l, combb sgen, comb ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ : Qcomb ) (40 Tcomb w net Qttott K cyc th ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ :.6.2 ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ

7 / 46 ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ - ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ w net ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ : ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ 1273 K ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. w T,Gen G n w Fc, Ac ) (41 w net ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ : ) (42 w Fc F,d dc ukinvert w Fc,Ac ) (43 KGenw T w T,Gen ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﻛﻞ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻳـﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺰﺍ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ] :[19 s gen, C s gen, recup s gen, FC s i cyc s gen s gen, GT s gen, PT ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷـﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻜـﺮﺩﻱ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒـﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ) (3 ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ) :(3 ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻱ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻧﻘﻄﻄﻄﺔﺔ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ) :(4 ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﻲ ﻧﻘﻄﻄﺔﺔ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ) (1 ﺩﺭ ﻄ ﺩﺑﻲ kg / s ﻓﺸﺎﺭ kpa ﺩﻣﺎ k ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ 4/ / / /2 460/798 4/ /99 865/ / / /3 4 4/ / / / /3 6 4/ /5 967/29 7 4/ / ﺷﻜﻞ ) (2 ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪﺍﻱ ﺑـﻴﻦ ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳـﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻫﻤـﻲ ﻓﻌـﺎﻝﺳـﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ 0/81 ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ 0/84 ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ 0/89 ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ 0/8 ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ 0/98 ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ 0/95 ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ژﻧﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭ AC 4/123 kg / s ﺩﺑﻲ ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤـﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺷـﻜﻞ ) (2 %4 ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻛﻞ ﻣـﻲﮔـﺬﺍﺭﺩ %5 ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. 0/25 ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻫﻮﺍ 0/85 ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ 1273 k ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ 3000 A / m 2 ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ 0/89 ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ DC-AC 834 mm 2 ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﭘﻴﻞ %4 ﺍﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﺎﻥﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺷـﻜﻞ ) (2 ﭘﻴﺪﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻏﺎﻟـﺐ ﻣﺮﺑـﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺷـﺪﻥ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣـﺖ ﺍﻫﻤـﻲ ﺍﻓـﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭژﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺮﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻛـﻨﺶ ﺩﻫﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﺷﻜﻞ ﻟﮕﺎﺭﻳﺘﻤﻲ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻏﻠﻈـﺖ ﺑﺎﻋـﺚ ﺧـﻢ.4 ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ) (4 ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﻣـﺎ ﻓﺸـﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺑـﻲ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟـﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺷـﻜﻞ ) (1 ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄـﺔ ﻃﺮﺍﺣـﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸـﺎﻥ ﺷﻜﻞ ) :(2 ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺍﻱ ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﻓﻌﺎﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ 1273 ﻛﻠﻮﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄــﺔ ) w Fc,Ac (40 ﻭ w T,Gen ﺑــﻪ ﺻــﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳــﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳــﺒﻪ ) (44 ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ. ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺑﻲ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑـﻪ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳـﻮﺭ 4/123 Kg / s ﻭ ﺩﻣـﺎﻱ

8 ﺷﺒﻴﻪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﮔﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ 47 /... ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺳﻨﺠﻲ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻋﺪﺩﻱ ﺑـﺎ ﻧﺘـﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺠﺮﺑـﻲ ] [13 ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺷﻜﻞ ) (3 ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴـﻴﺪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺣﺪﻱ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺠﺮﺑـﻲ ﻧﻴـﺰ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻱ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻣﻘـﺪﺍﺭ ﺻـﻔﺮ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺳﺘﻲ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﻣـﺎ ﺍﺧـﺘﻼﻑ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﺎﭼﻴﺰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔـﻲ ﺍﺳـﺖ. ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤـﻞ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨـﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻡ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻣﺪﻝ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻛـﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺧـﻮﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨـﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈـﺮ ﮔـﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺭﻓﺘـﺎﺭﻫـﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﻟﻜـﻮﻟﻲ ﺍﺟـﺰﺍﻱ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑـﻪ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ. ﺷﺪﻩ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺩﻣـﺎ ﻓﺸـﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺟـﺰﺍﻱ ﺷـﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺭﻭﻱ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻣﺎ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑـﻴﻦ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟـﻲ ﺁﻧـﺪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺗـﺪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻭژﻥ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺻﺮﻓﻨﻈﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺷﻜﻞ) :( 4 ﺍﺛﺮ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ) (5 ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻓﻮﻕﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑـﺎ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ. ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻠﻠﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻛـﺎﺭ ﻗﺒـﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺶﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻳﺴﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ) :( 3 ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻲ ] [13 ﺩﺭ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ 1273 ﻛﻠﻮﻳﻦ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ) (5 ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ 23 ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻱ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﮔﺎﺯ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﺩﺭﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺷﻜﻞ ) (4 ﺍﺛﺮ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﺳﺘﻲ ﻧﺘـﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺘـﺎﻳﺞ ﺑـﺎ ] [20 ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴـﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ. ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺼـﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻫﻮﺍ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺛﺎﺑـﺖ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﺑـﺎ ﺍﻓـﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺷﻜﻞ ) (5 ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻱ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺳـﻴﻜﻞ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻛﺰﻳﻤﻤﻲ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ. ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗـﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔـﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ ﻋﻠـﺖ ﺍﺧـﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺣﺪﻱ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ] [20 ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭژﻥ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛـﻪ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛـﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻧﺴـﺒﺖ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺘـﺎﻥ ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠـﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﻴﻞ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒـﻲ ﺗـﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔـﺎﺯﻱ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻧﺪﻛﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ. ﺷﻜﻞ ) (3 ﺍﺛﺮ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎژ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﻧﺸـﺎﻥ ﻣـﻲﺩﻫـﺪ. ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻣـﻲﺷـﻮﺩ. ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳـﺖ ﺗـﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﻠـﻲ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ

9 / 48 ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ - ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺍﺑﺘـﺪﺍ ﺑﺎﻋـﺚ ﺍﻓـﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﭼـﻮﻥ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠـﻪ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎژ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺑﺴـﻴﺎﺭ ﻛـﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﻜﻞ ) :(5 ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ 1250 ﻛﻠﻮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺴ ﺴﺔﺔ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ] [20 ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ) (6 ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻣـﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺗـﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻣـﻲﺷـﻮﺩ. ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠـﻪ ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺳـﻴﺎﻝﻛـﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻤـﺪﻩ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻮﺯﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﻧـﺪﺍﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺗـﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﻳـﮋﺓ ﺧﺮﻭﺟـﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳـﻴﻜﻞ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘـﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﺳـﺖ. ﺷﻜﻞ ) (6 ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑـﻪ ﺗـﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﺷﻜﻞ ) :(7 ﺍﺛﺮ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ) (8 ﺍﺛﺮ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒـﻲ ﺑـﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ. ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒـﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﺳـﺒﺐ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﻛﺮﺩ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﮔـﺰﺭژﻱ ﻛـﺎﻫﺶ ﻣـﻲﻳﺎﺑـﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗـﻊ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﻴــﺰﺍﻥ ﺳــﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻛــﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﻣﻌﻤــﻮﻟﻲ ﻣــﻲﺷــﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻱ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﺷﻜﻞ ) :(6 ﺍﺛﺮ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ 4 ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ) (7 ﺍﺛﺮ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺼـﺮﻑ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﺑـﺮ ﺗـﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪﻱ ﻛـﻞ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻳﺪ. ﻫﻤﺎﻥﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻓـﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺼـﺮﻑ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﺑـﻪ ﺩﻟﻴـﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻓﻌﺎﻝﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎژ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﻛـﺎﻫﺶ ﻣـﻲﻳﺎﺑـﺪ. ﻞ ) :(8 ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻜﻞ ﺷﻜ ﻜ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻓـﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﻭ ﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ.

10 ﺷﺒﻴﻪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﮔﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ 49 /... ﺷﻜﻞ ) (9 ﺍﺛﺮ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ) :(5 ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻱ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻧﻘﻄﻄﻄﺔﺔ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺗﺴـﻪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻧﺶ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ 59/4 56/9 % /7 kj/kg ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ kj/kg ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺍﺯ ژﻧﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭ ﺣـــﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺧـــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻋـــﺚ ﺍﻓـــﺰﺍ ﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـــﺪ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘـــﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻓـــﺰﺍﻳﺶ - 0/69 V ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻱ SOFC ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ. ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ,5 kj/kg ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺍﺯ SOFC ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﺼـﺮﻓﻲ ﻣـﻲ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﻛـﻪ ﺍﺛـﺮ ﻧـﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻲ ﺑـﺮ /5 kj/kg ﻛﻞ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ kw ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ 4 ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ. ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ) (10 ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘـﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟـﺰﺍﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ 4 ﻭ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ 1250 ﻛﻠﻮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ. ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘـﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺭﺥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ. ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻓﺸـﺎﺭ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴـﺒﺖ ﻓﺸـﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑـﺎﻻ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ. ﺪﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﻴﺪﻱ ﺷﻜﻞ ) :(9 ﺍﺛﺮ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﻴ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ 4 ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺳﻨﺠﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘ ﻢ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻱ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﺗﺴﻪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ ] [20 ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ) ( 5 ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﺸﺎﺑﻬﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪﻱ ﺑﺮ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﺑﻨـﺪﻱ ﻫـﺎ ﻣـﻲ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻛـﺮﺩ. ﺍﺧـﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﻳﮋﺓ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﺩﻟﻴـﻞ ﺗﻌـﺪﺍﺩ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻋﻠﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺷﻜﻞ ) :(10 ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺁﻧﺘﺎﻟﭙﻲ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ 4 ﻭ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ 1250 ﻛﻠﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭژﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭژﻥ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ..5 ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻭ ﭘﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﻛﺴـﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭژﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓـﺖ. ﻧﺘـﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸـﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻓـﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧـﺮﺥ ﺍﻧﺘﻘـﺎﻝ ] [20 ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮ

11 Downloaded from energy.kashanu.ac.ir at 9: on Friday August 7th 2020 ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ - ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ / 50 ﻭ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﺑـﻪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺩﺍﺷـﺖ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ. ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻃﻮﺭﻱﻛﻪ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﭘﻴـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺭﺍﻧـﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﭘـﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗـﺮﻱ ﻧﺴـﺒﺖ ﺑـﻪ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﺑـﺎ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭژﻥ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﻧﺴـﺒﺖ ﻓﺸـﺎﺭ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳـﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺩﻣـﺎﻱ. ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ % 25/5 ﻭﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻮﺽ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ. ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻛﻮﭼﻚﺗﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺭﺍﻧـﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻛـﺎﻫﺶ ﻭ ﺗـﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ [1] Reijalt M., "Hydrogen and fuel cell education in Europe: [6] Chan S.H., Ho H.K., Tian Y. "Modelling of simple hybrid from when? And where? To here! And now",journal of Cleaner solid oxide fuel cell and gas turbine power plant", Production, vol. 19,2010. Power Sources, PP , 2001 [2] [7] Williams M.C., Fuel Cell Handbook, 7th edition, EG&G Services Parsons,Science Applications International Chan S.H., Ho H.K., Tian Y., "Multi-level modeling of SOFC gas turbine hybrid system", Int Journal Hydrogen Corporation, Morgantown, Energy, PP , [3] [8] Casas Y., Dewulf J., Arteaga-Perez L., Morales M., Journal Yang W.J., Park S.K., Kim T.S., Kim J.H., Sohn J.L.,Ro Langenhove H.V., Rosa E.,"Integration of solid oxide fuel cell S.T.," Design performance analysis of pressurized solid oxide in a sugar-ethanol factory: analysis of the efficiency and the fuel cell/gas turbine hybrid systems considering temperature environmental profile of the products", Journal of Cleaner constraints", Journal Power Sources, PP , Production vol. 19, pp , [9] [4] Massardo AF., Lubelli F., "Internal reforming solid oxide of a pressurized SOFC hybrid system using a fixed gas turbine fuel cell gas design ", Journal Power Sources, 170(1), PP turbine combined cycles (IRSOFC-GT)", Park S.K., Oh K.S. and Kim T.S., "Analysis of the design Transactions of the ASME. J Eng Gas Turbines Power, PP. 27 [10] Haseli Y., Dincer I., Naterera, GF., "Thermodynamic 35, modeling of a gas turbine cycle combined with a solid oxide fuel [5] cell", International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, PP , Costamagna P., Magistri L., Massardo A.F., "Design and part-load performance of a hybrid system based on a solid oxide fuel cell reactor and a micro gas turbine", Journal Power [11] Haseli Y., Dincer I., Naterera GF., " Thermodynamic Sources, PP , analysis of a combined gas turbine power system with a solid

12 Downloaded from energy.kashanu.ac.ir at 9: on Friday August 7th /... ﺷﺒﻴﻪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﮔﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ oxide fuel cell through exergy ", Thermochimica Acta, 480(2), [17] Alemrajabi, A., "Exergy based performance analysis of a PP. 1 9, solid oxide fuel cell and steam injected gas turbine hybrid power [12] Cohen H., Rogers G.F.C. and Saravabamutto H.I.H. "Gas system", International Jornal of hydrogen energy, PP Turbine Theory", Heritage Publishers , [13] Singhal SC., "Advances in solid oxide fuel cells", Journal [18] Song TW., Sohn JL., Kim TS., "Performance analysis of of Solid State Ionics, PP , a tubular solid oxide fuel cell/gasturbine hybrid power system [14] Bejan A., Dincer I., Lorente S., "Miguel, Porous Media in based on a quasi-two dimensional model", Journal of Power Modern Technologies", Energy, Electronics, Biomedical and Sources, PP , Environmental Engineering, Springer-Verlag, New York, [19] Shapiro H.N., Moran M.J., Fundamental of Engineering [15] Larminie A., Dicks A., Fuel Cell Systems Explained, 2nd Thermodynamics, John Wiley & Sons.,Motahar, S., edition, John Wiley & Sons Ltd.,West Sussex England, [20] Tse L., Galinaud F., Martinez-Botas RF., "Integration of [16] Akkaya AV., "Electrochemical model for performance solid oxid fuel cell into a gas analysis of a tubular SOFC", International Journal of Energy power for land. Sea and Air, Research,Vol. 31, PP.79-98, turbine", ASME turbo expo