Microsoft Word - GCB-2010-Bangla-fin-rev3.doc

Bản ghi

1 M vevj Kivckb e v ivwguvi mvi-ms c 1 UªvÝcv iwý B Uvib vkbv ji `yb xwz cwigv ci wewfbœ M elyv I m~p Ki ( hgb- `yb xwzi aviyv m~pk, Nyl`vZv m~pk 3, M vevj Kivckvb wi cvu 4 ) g a Global Corruption Barometer me P q eo e vcx Rwic UªvÝcv iwý B Uvib vkbvj KZ K cwipvwjz GwU GKwU bvmwik Rwic hvi AvIZvq GKw` K e w³ Ges ivóªxq ch v q `yb xwzi cöfve wbiƒcy Kiv n q Q Ges Gi cvkvcvwk e vcx `yb xwz iv a M nxz c` c wbiƒc Y Z Yg~j ch v qi mvaviy RbM Yi AwfÁZv Ges `yb xwz wel q Zv `i gzvgz KI MÖnY Kiv n q Q M vevj Kivckvb e v ivwguvi Rwic 3 m b 44wU ` ki bvmwik `i gzvg Zi wfwë Z ïi nq mv j GB mßg Rwic 86wU ` ki 91, Gi ewk bvmwik `i gv S cwipvwjz nq Kivckvb e v ivwguvi Rwic cöwµqv e vcx GB Rwic KvRwU mv ji 1jv Ryb _ K k m Þ ^i e vcx cwipvwjz nq cöwzwu AskMÖnYKvix ` ki cöwzwbwaz kxj cövq bvmwi Ki gv S G Rwic cwipvjbv Kiv nq G Rwi ci bgybvq bi Î m vebv bgybvqb c wz AbymiY Kiv nq AskMÖnYKvix 86wU ` ki 5 84wU Z Gallup International mswk ó ` ki bvmwik `i gv S Z_ msmön K i evsjv ` k wuavbwe Ges g ½vwjqvq Mongolian Independent Authority Against Corruption (IAAC) Rwi ci Z_ msmön K i wkqz `k ev ` cövq AwaKvsk ` k dm-uz- dm mv vzkv ii gva g Z_ msmön Kiv nq wkqz DbœZ ` k B Uvi b Ui gva g Ges computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) Gi gva g Z_ `vzv `i wbku n Z Z_ msmön Kiv nq evjv ` k Rwic cwipvjbv I Z_ `vzv wbe vpb evsjv ` k Z_ msmö ni Î cj x Ges bmi Dfq GjvKvi Rb Mvôxi gv S Kish Grid c wzi gva g 18 eqi ev Zvi P q ewk eq mi 49 Z_ `vzv K wbe vwpz Kiv nq DËi`vZv wbe vp bi cö_g ch v q cwimsl vb eÿ iv KZ K cöyxz Intrgrated Multi-purpose Sampling Frame (IMPS) AbymiY K i wcgmbd `epwqzfv e wbe vpb Kiv nq GB wcgmbd evsjv ` ki 64wU Rjvi 16wU ªvUvq we Z Z AZ:ci wøzxq ch v q wbe vwpz cöwzwu wcgmbd _ K ˆØePwqZ Dcv q Lvbvi GKwU e K Zwi Kiv nq Ae k l Systematic Sampling wbqg AbymiY K i Lvbv e eav b cöwzwu wcgmbd- Z wu Lvbv wbe vpb Kiv nq cj x A ji wcgmbd- Z wu Lvbv n Z 3wU I bmi A ji wcgmbd- Z wu Lvbv n Z 4wU Lvbv K e v ivwguvi Rwi ci Rb wbe vpb Kiv nq Gfv e wbev wpz Lvbv n Z Kish Grid c wz AbymiY K i 18 eqi ev Zvi D ae GKRb Lvbv m`m K Rwi ci Z_ `vzv wn m e wbe Pb Kiv nq UªvÝcv iwý B Uvib vkbvj KZ K cöyxz GKwU KvVvgve cökœc Îi gva g Rwi ci Z_ msmön Kiv nq cwimsl vb eÿ ivi (wewegm) bgybv KvVv gv AbymiY K i eûch vqx Q bgybvqb c wz Z bgybvwqz evsjv ` k G Rwi ci Z_ `vzvi msl v wqj 49 mij ˆ`ePqb c wz Z G ai Yi Rwi ci Rb cö qvrbxq msl K bgybvi msl v 384 h nzy GwU GKwU eûch vqx Q bgybvqb, Z _ i wbf i hvm Zv wbwðz Ki Z 833 Rb ( wwrvbb G d±) n jb h _ó nz i myzivs GB bgybv msl v (49) ˆeÁvwbK ZË Abyhvqx Rwi ci cöwzcv` wel qi Dci cövß Z_ we k l Yi MÖnY hvm Zv I DrKl Zv wbwðz K i Ab w` K GB bgybvq b gvwr b Ad Gii (cövwšík e Z qi gvîv) +/-.18 _ K 4.4 kzvsk, hv Rwi c cövß Z _ i MªnY hvm Zv I wbf i hvm Zvi D Pgv bi cwipvqk DËi`vZv `i Av_ -mvgvwrk Z_ wbe vwpz Z_ `vzv `i 59 kzvsk cj x A j Ges 41 kzvsk bmi A j emevm K i DËi`vZv `i ag xq cwip qi Abycv Z 88.4 kzvsk gymwjg, 8.7 kzvsk wn `y, 1.7 kzvsk eš Ges 1.3 kzvsk Lªxóvb 18 n Z eq ii g a 34 kzvsk 1 e v ivwguvi Rwic Gi m ú~y Bs irx cöwz e`b `Lyb we vwi Zi Rb `Lyb 3 we vwi Zi Rb `Lyb 4 M vevj Kivckvb wi cvu n Q RvZxq I AvšÍR vwzk we klá `i Øviv cöyxz mywbw` ó Kvb welq ev Lv Zi Dci M elyv cöwz e` bi mskjb mv ji M vevj Kivckvb wi cvu wqj Rjevqy cwiez b wb q Ges Av Mi eq ii wi cvu jv wqj emikvix LvZ, cvwb, wepviwefvm, ^v, wk v BZ vw` wel qi Dci 5 `k cöwz fz ji nvi M o wq jv +/-.18% Ges 4.%

2 DËi`vZv, cövq kzvsk DËi`vZvi eqm 31 n Z eq ii g a, 31 n Z eq ii g a cövq kzvsk DËi`vZv Ges cövq 7 kzvsk DËi`vZvi eqm 65 eq ii D aÿ DËi`vZv `i wk vmz Ae vb Abyhvqx cövq 36 kzvsk DËi`vZv Kvb cöwzôvwbk wk v MªnY K ibwb, 43 kzvsk DËi`vZv gva wgk ch vq Ges cªvq 1 kzvsk DËi`vZv œvzk Ges œvz KvËi wk v MªnY K i Qb DËi`vZv `i cövq kzvsk mve wyk ev AwbqwgZ ckvq wb qvwrz ( ^-wb qvwrzmn) Ges 41.5 kzvsk DËi`vZv wbf ikxj ( hgb, wk v_ x, M nkî x BZ vw`) Ges 7.4 kzvsk DËi`vZv AemicÖvß I ekvi Z_ `vzv `i GjvKv f ` Ae vb Z_ `vzv `i wj½ cwipq bmi 41% bvix 36% cj x 59% cyi l 64% Z_ `vzv `i eqm-wfwëk wefvrb Z_ `vzv `i wk v-wfwëk wefvrb D P wk v ( hgbwe` vjq),.9% Rvwb bv / wbi Ëi,.5% gva wgk wk v, 43.1% Kv bv cövwzôvwbk wk v bb/ KejgvÎ cöv_wgk wk v, 35.5% 4 Z_ `vzv `i ag xq cwipq Z_ `vzv `i Kg ms vb-wfwëk wefvrb. 88.4% mve wyk ev AwbqwgZ ckv ( ^-wb qvwrz mn) 49.8% 75. wbf ikxj (wk v_ x, M nkî x BZ vw`) 41.5%. AemicÖvß 4.% % 1.7% 1.3% gymwjg wn `y eš L óvb ekvi DËi w` Z B QyK bq bv/wbi Ëi 1.4% 3.4%.... Rwi c cövß djvdj 1. `yb xwzi e vcx we vi: bvmwik gzvgz e vcx GB Rwi c AskMÖnYKvix bvmwik `i gzvgz Abyhvqx, wemz 3 eq i e vcx `yb xwzi gvîv e w c q Q Ges cöwz R bi g a 6 Rb `yb xwz e w i K_v e j Qb DËi Ges BD iv ci `k jv Z G e w i nvi ewk (wpî 1)

3 wpî 1: wemz 3 eq i `yb xwzi we vi - GjvKvwfwËK, I bzzb ^vaxb ivóªmg~n Gwkqv I cökvš gnvmvmixq AÂj j vwub 45% 47% 51% cwðg ejkvb I ZzwK ga cövp I DËi Avwd«Kv 57% 57% mve-mvnviv Avwd«Kv 6% DËi 67% BD ivcxq BDwbqb 73% 46% 56% % % % % % % % % 8% m~î: UªvÝcv iwý B Uvib vkbvj M vevj Kivckvb e v ivwguvi evsjv ` k cöwz R bi g a 5 Rb `yb xwz e w i K_v ej ji cöwz R b g a Rb g b K ib `yb xwz GKB gvîvq i q Q Aciw` K cöwz R bi g a 4 Rb g b K i MZ wzb eq i evsjv ` k `yb xwz n«vm c q Q wpî : evjv ` ki `yb xz we vi m ú K aviyv % 46% % 36% % % 18% % % `yb xwz e w c q Q `yb xwz GKB gvîvq i q Q `yb xwz n«vm c q Q m~î: UªvÝcv iwý B Uvib vkbvj M vevj Kivckvb e v ivwguvi 1.1. `yb xwz Z me P q ewk wbgw¾z cöwzôvb/lvz: e vcx ivr bwzk `j Ges evsjv ` k cywjk/avbb-k sljv evwnbx GB Rwi c Z_ `vzv bvmwik `i 11wU Lv Z (ivr bwzk `j, RbcÖkvmb, wk v e e v, cywjk, wepvi wefvm, msm`/avbbmfv, MYgva g, emikvix LvZ, mvgwik evwnbx, GbwRI Ges ag xq msmvb) `yb xwzi gvîv wpwýz Ki Z ejv n qwq jv e vcx DËi`vZv `i cöwz R bi g a 8 Rb ivr bwzk `jmg~n K me P q ewk `yb xwzmö e j gz cökvk K i Qb wkš evsjv ` k cöwz R bi g a 8 Rb cywjk evwnbx K me P q ewk `yb xwzmö e j gz w` q Qb Rwi ci djvdj _ K `Lv hvq h e vcx R bi g a 6 Rb Ges evsjv ` ki Î R bi g a 7 Rb DËi`vZv RbcÖkvmb K me P q 3

4 `yb xwzmö LvZ wn m e gz w` q Qb wepvi wefv Mi `yb xwz m ú K we k i I evsjv ` ki bvmwikmy GKB gz cvly K ib- M o Rb DËi`vZvi g a 4 Rb GB LvZ K `yb xwzmö e j g b K ib wpî 3: `yb xwz Z me P q ewk wbgw¾z cöwzôvb/lvzmg~n m ^ Ü bvmwik `i aviyv ivr bwzk `j RbcÖkvmb cywjk e emv/ emikvwi LvZ msm`/ AvBbmfv ag xq msmvb wepvi wefvm MYgva g wk v e e v GbwRI mvgwik evwnbx m~î: UªvÝcv iwý B Uvib vkbvj M vevj Kivckvb e v ivwguvi, Rwic Abymv i, bvmwikiv aviyv Ki Qb h, ivr bwzk `j jvi `yb xwzmö niqvi gvîv c~ e i P q e w c q Q Ges 4 I Gi Zzjbvg~jK we k l Y Zv úófv e D V G m Q e vcx Rwi c M o cövq kzvsk DËi`vZv ag xq msmvb jv K `yb xwzmö ej ji evsjv ` k gvî 9 kzvsk DËi`vZv G K_v e j Qb GB Rwic _ K `Lv hvq, evsjv ` ki Î mvgwik evwnbx, wk v e e v Ges MYgva gi `yb xwzmö niqvi gvîv ek Kg ( kzvs ki wb P) 1.. cöwzôvb/lvzmg~ n Ny li we vi : cywjk ZvwjKvi kx l Gi Kivckb e v ivwguvi Rwi c MZ 1 gv m 77, mev MÖnxZv 9wU Lv Z gšwjk mev wb Z wm q Nyl w` Z n q Q wkbv Zvi DË i 6 we k me vwak 9 kzvsk DËi`vZv cywjk K me P q ekx NylMÖnxZv wnmv e D j L K i Qb evsjv ` ki GB ZvwjKvi kx l cywjk Ges G Î M o R bi g a 8 Rb (75 kzvsk) cywjk K me P q ewk Nyl MªnxZv wnmv e D j L K i Qb GQvovI, evsjv ` k M o R b cövq 7 Rb (64 kzvsk) wepvi wefvm Ges R b 5 Rb f~wg cökvm b N~l `Iqvi K_v D j L K i Qb Nyl `qvi KviY wn m e e vcx Rwi c AskMÖnYKvix `i cöwz 5 R bi g a 1 Rb mev c Z hv Z mgm v bv nq mrb Nyl `qvi K_v ej Qb evsjv ` k cöwz R bi g a GKRb b vh mev cviqvi Rb Ges cöwz 3 R bi g a GKRb `ªyZ mev cviqvi Rb Nyl `qvi K_v e j Qb Z e cöwz R b GKRb KZ c i mv _ Sv gjv Gov bvi Rb Nyl `qvi Rb e j Qb wpî 4: wewfbœ cöwzôvb/lvzmg~ n Ny li we vi & cywjk 47 iwr ªkb I cviwgu mev Gwkqv-cÖkvš gnvmvmixq AÂj wepvi wefvm Kv gm BDwUwjwUm ^v mev wk v e e v f~wg mev U v m~î: UªvÝcv iwý B Uvib vkbvj M vevj Kivckvb e v ivwguvi ïaygvî gšwjk mev MÖnYKvix `i fzi Nyl cö`v bi nvi cwigvc Kvi n q Q 4

5 `w Y- Gwkqvi RwicK Z `k jvi (, AvdMvwb vb, fviz Ges cvwk vb) g a Zzjbv Ki ji `Lv hvq h evsjv ` ki mev Lv Z Ny li nvi ewk me P q nzvkvrbk n Q e vcx Rwi c AskMÖnYKvix `i 7wU gšwjk mev wb Z h q MZ 5 eqi c~ e I GKB ikg nv i Ny li wkkvi n Z n qwqj 1.3. wewfbœ Av qi gvby li Dci N~ li cöfve Rwi ci djvdj Abyhvqx `Lv hvq h, e vcx mvwe Kfv e D Av qi (m e v P Kvqv UvBj) mev MªnxZvi Zzjbvq wbæ Av qi mevmönxzvmy ewk `yb xwzi wkkvi n q Qb. `yb xwzi wei mikv ii M nxz c` c: bvmwik aviyv Gi Rwic Abyhvqx, e vcx M o cöwz 3 R bi g a 1 Rb `yb xwzi wei mikv ii M nxz c` c K i Z c~y g b Ki ji, evsjv ` ki Î cöwz 3 R bi g a Rb GUv K i Z c~y e j g b K ib DËi Ges bzzb ^vaxb `kmg~ ni DËi`vZviv `ybx wzi wei mikv ii c` c K ewk i Z c~y e j g b K ib wpî 5: `yb xwzi wei mikv ii M nxz c` ci Kvh KvwiZv cökvš BD ivcxq gnvmvmi BDwbqb AÂj j vwub bzzb ^vaxb ivóªmg~n DËi mvemvnviv Avwd«Kv cwðg ejkvb I ZzwK.1. `yb xwz iv a mswk ó cöwzôv bi Dci bvmwik `i Av v m~î: UªvÝcv iwý B Uvib vkbvj M vevj Kivckvb e v ivwguvi Rwic Abyhvqx, e vcx mkj DËi`vZv `i cöwz 4 R b 1 Rb `yb xwz iv a wbw` ó cöwzôv bi Dci Kvb Av v bv _vkvi K_v e j Qb Ges cöwz 4 R bi g a 1 Rb `yb xwz iv a mikvi I MYgva gi Dci Av v bv _vkvi K_v ej ji evsjv ` k cöwz 5 R bi g a 3 Rb DËi`vZv mikvix bz Z i Dci Av v ivlvi K_v Rvwb q Qb wpî 5: `yb xwz iv a mswk ó cöwzôv bi Dci bvmwik `i Av v mikvix bz Z 11 e emv/ emikvwi LvZ GbwRI MYgva g Avš R vwzk ms v KDB bv m~î: UªvÝcv iwý B Uvib vkbvj M vevj Kivckvb e v ivwguvi 5

6 .. `yb xwz iv a bvmwik `i AskMÖnY mvaviyfv e `yb xwz cöwz iv a bvmwik `i f~wgkv eiveib Kvh Ki e j a i bqv nq Gi e v ivwguvi Rwi c `yb xwz msnu bi NUbv AewnZ Kivi AvMÖ ni gvîv wpwýz Kiv n q Q we k i cöwz Rb DËi`vZvi g a 7 Rb g b K ib h, mvaviy RbMY `yb xwzi wei Av `vj bi Î D j L hvm Ae`vb ivl Z cv i; evsjv ` ki Î 95% DËi`vZv `yb xwzi wei Av `vj bi Î mvaviy bvmwi Ki D j L hvm Ae`vb ivlvi cvkvcvwk DËi`vZv `i eüz-evüe Ges AvZ xq- ^Rb `i `yb xwz we ivax Av `vjb K mg_ b Kiv Ges m Av `vj b wb R `i AskMÖn Yi AvMÖ ni K_v e ³ K i Qb we k i cövq mkj A ji DËi`vZv `yb xwz we ivax Av `vj b AskMÖn Y AvMÖ ni K_v e ³ K i Qb wpî 6: `yb xwz iv a mvaviy bvmwik `i AskMÖnY Gwkqv-cÖkvš gnvmvmixq AÂj BD ivcxq BDwbqb j vwub ga cövp I DËi Avwd«Kv bzzb ^vaxb ivóªmg~n DËi mve-mvnviv Avwd«Kv cwðg ejkvb I ZzwK mvaviy RbMY `yb xwz we ivax Av `vj b eo f~wgkv ivl Z cv i mnkg x ev eüz K mnvqzv Ki e hw` Zviv `yb xwz we ivax Av `vj b AskMÖnY K i wb R KI `yb xwz we ivax Av `vj b m ú ³ Ki Z cvwi m~î: UªvÝcv iwý B Uvib vkbvj M vevj Kivckvb e v ivwguvi `yb xwzi NUbv AewnZ Kivi Î we k i RwicK Z DËi`vZv `i g a Nyl `vzv `i 47 kzvsk `yb xwzi NUbv wi cvu Kivi AvMÖn cökvk K i Qb Dcmsnvi `yb xwz cöwz iv a ivr bwzk mw` Qv Acwinvh Ges GB mw` Qvi Kvh Ki ev ÍevqbB RbM Yi cöz vkv c~i Y mnvqk n Z cv i, KviY RbMY g b K i h P~ovšÍ we epbvq mikv ii nv ZB `yb xwz wbqš Yi gzv MYZ š i gšwjk cöwzôvbmg~ ni (ivr bwzk `j, msm`, cywjk, wepviwefvm, Rb mevg~jk cöwzôvbmg~n) Kvh KvwiZv e w i gva g G `i Dci Av v I vm cybi ¾xweZ Ki Z n e Z e Avkvi w`k n jv, GB Rwi c mvaviy RbMY me vz Kfv e G Av `vj b AskMÖn Yi AvMÖ ni K_v cökvk K i Q RbM Yi GB AvMÖn K `yb xwzwe ivax Av `vj b Kv R jvmv Z n e, Avi G e vcv i MYgva gmn mswk ó mkj K nvìvi `i hš_ D ` vm Acwinvh i bgybv AvKvi wby q c wz: mij ˆ`ePwqK bgybvqb c wz Z 95% Kbwd WÝ B Uvi f j h Kvb wb ` k Ki wby qi Rb cö qvrbxq bgybv AvKvi wby qi m~î: p(1 p) n = z ε G m~î e envi K i bgybvi AvKvi `vovq 384 h nzz GwU GKwU eûch vqx Q bgybvqb, ZvB GB Rwi ci bgybv AvKvi wby qi Î mij ˆ`ePwqZ Dcv q cövß bgybv AvKvi K wwrvbb G d± w` q b Ki Z n e wwrvbb G d± wby hi m~î n PQ- DEFF = 1 + δ (n 1), hlv b δ B UviK vm Kvwi jkb KvGwdwm q U n Qmg~ ni Mo AvKvi GB Rwi c Z_ we k ly K i wwrvbb G d± cviqv wm q Q.17 mb wn m e bgybvi AvKvi `vovq = 833 myzivs Z _ i wbf i hvm Zv wbwðz Ki Z bgybv AvKvi 833 n ji h _ó nz 6