TRIET HOC, SO 10 (233), THANG VUA LY NHAN TONG Vdl TAM GIAO LE THI LAN*' NGUYfiN THI HIEU **' Sdi vii't neu lin nhiing net khdi qudt vi tinh h

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1 TRIET HOC, SO 10 (233), THANG VUA LY NHAN TONG Vdl TAM GIAO LE THI LAN*' NGUYfiN THI HIEU **' Sdi vii't neu lin nhiing net khdi qudt vi tinh hinh tam gido thdi vua Ly Nhdn Tong, cdng nhii thdi do cua nhd vua ddi vdi Phdt gido, Nho gido vd Dgo gido. Vua Ly Nhdn Tong dd co mgt thi' dng xd rdt minh triet ddi vdi cd ba gido vd do do, dd tgo nin mgt sii ung hg hit sdc to ldn ciia cd ba gido ndy vdi triiu dgi cua ong. Nhdn quan chinh tri dung hop tam gido uyin chuyen ciia nhd vua phii hdp vdi Uu the, mat mgnh riing ciia moi dgo trong viic hinh thdnh the chdn vgc vi hi tu tudng cua ngudi Viet thdi ky ndy. ua Ly Nhan Tdng ( ) la eon eua vua Ly Thanh Tong va Nguyen phi Y Lan. Ong len ngoi nam 1072, tri vi 56 nam. Dfldi trieu dai cua dng, dat nflde thai binh, nhan dan yen on lam an, ca van hpc va quan sfl deu phat trien. Ong dfldc coi la vi vua gidi cua trieu Ly. Dfldi thdi Ly Nhan Tdng, cung vdi sfl phat trien dac biet cua Phat giao, Nho giao va Dao giao cung rat dfldc coi trpng va phat trien. Hien tfldng tam giao ddng nguyen nay da gop phin khdng nhd vao sfl phat trien chung cua xa hpi, tao nen mpt ddi s6'ng tinh thin phong phu d thdi ky nay. Tim hieu thai dp cua vua Ly Nhan Tdng dd'i vdi tam giao se giup chung ta ly giai dfldc phin nao md'i quan he nha nfldc vdi tdn giao dfldi thdi Ly, cung nhfl nguyen nhan thinh tri eua xa hoi d thdi ky nay. 1. Thai do cua vua Ly Nhan Tong ddi vdi tam giao Bgi Viet sd ky todn thu c6 nhan xet ve vua Ly Nhan Tong nhfl sau: "Vua tran do mat rdng tay dai qua gdi, sang sudt thin vo, tri tue hieu nhan, nfldc ldn sd, nudc nhd men, thin giup ngfldi theo, thong am luat, che ca nhac, dan chung dfldc dong giau, minh dfldc thai binh, la vua gidi cua trieu Ly. Tiec rang mp dao Phat, thich diem lanh, do la dieu luy eho dflc tdt"(l). Chi vdi may dong ngan gpn nhfl vay nhflng sfl gia da cung cip cho ta hinh anh vua Ly Nhan Tong la mpt vi vua co nhieu pham chat ly tfldng ve tai dflc eua mot nha vua Nho giao nhflng cung rat chuong mp Phat giao va Dao giao. Vua Ly Nhan Tong la vi vua thfl tu eua trieu Ly, len ngoi trong boi canh dat nfldc thai binh, thinh tri, nen dfldc ke thfla nhflng thanh qua xay dflng trieu dai ve mpi mat kinh te, ehinh tri, van boa tfl eac vi vua trfldc do. Sfl coi trpng tam giao vdi nen tang la Phat giao trong til tfldng tri nfldc da dfldc thiet lap tfl eac trieu vua trfldc, tiep tuc dflpc Ly Nhan Tong duy tri va phat trien. Bp may quan ly nha nudc theo mo hinh Nho giao cua Trung Qudc xay dflng tfl thdi Ly Thai To ngay cang dfldc eung co'. Phat giao vo'n da dfldc sung mp tfl thdi Ly Thai To, den thdi Ly Nhan Tong dfldc Hoang thai hau Y Lan ton (*) Pho giao sii, tien si, Nghien cqu vien chinh, Pho triicing phong Triet hpc Viet Nam, Vien IViet hoc, Vien Khoa hoc xa hoi Viet Nam. (**) Giang vien, Triidng Dai hoc Cong doan Ha Noi. (1) Dgi Viet sie ky todn thu, t.l. Nxb Van hoa - Thong tin. Ha Noi, 2000, tr

2 LE THI LAN, NGUYEN THI HIEU sung da trd thanh mpt Iflc Ifldng manh, co anh hfldng ldn ca ve kinh te, xa hpi, van hoa va ehinh tri. Ben canh hai phai Thien Ti ni da lflu chi va Vo Ngon Thong thinh hanh dfldi trieu Ly thi Mat giao tfl mpt nhanh Phat giao ket hdp vdi Dao giao da CO anh hfldng rpng rai tfl the ky trfldc, den thdi ky nay lai cang phat trien Doi vdi Nho giao Trfldc thdi Ly Nhan Tong, mac du trieu Ly da thiet lap dfldc bp may chinh quyen trung fldng tap quyen quan ly dat nfldc nhflng ve thflc chit, quyen life va anh hfldng cua nha Ly ehu yeu tap trung d vung ddng bing Bic bp. Ly Nhan Tong ehu trpng viec cung eo' bp may chinh quyen trung Udng va md rpng quyen lue thuc su. Ong tim thay vai trd cua Nho giao trong viec td chflc bp may trieu chinh, tuyen chpn quan lai de tang cfldng sfle manh quan ly eua ehinh quyen trung fldng. Sau khi len ngoi mot nam, nam 1073, nha vua xud'ng chieu tuyen Minh kinh bac hpc va thi Nho hpe tam trfldng. Day la ky thi Nho hpe diu tien cua Viet Nam, chpn dflpc hdn 10 ngfldi va thu khoa la Le Van Thinh ve sau lam den chflc thai sfl. Nam sau, 1076, vua eho lap Qudc Tfl Giam va chpn nhflng ngfldi biet chfl trong quan vien van chflc eho vao hpc. 10 nam sau, nam 1086, nha vua mdi to chflc tiep ky thi chpn ngfldi van hpc vao Vien ban lam. Ky thi nay, Mae Thien Tich do diu, dfldc bd lam Han lam hpc si. Trin Trpng Kim noi: "Sfl Nho hpc cua ta khdi diu thinh len tfl thdi biy gid"(2). Nhfl vay, cung vdi viec tiep tuc cat nhic nhflng ngfldi hien Ifldng, cd tai van vo vao bp may nhan sfl, vua Ly Nhan Tong la vi vua diu tien cua Viet Nam da y thflc dfldc tim quan trpng cua viec dao tao dpi ngu quan lai mdt each bai ban, sfl dung tri thflc Nho hpc vao bp may nhan sfl. Tfl dd trd di, khoa cfl dfldc sfl dung nhfl mpt phudng phap quan trpng de tuyen chpn ngudi hien tai vao bp may trieu ehinh. Din din, cung vdi su md rpng va phat trien giao due Nho hpc thi khoa cfl cung ngay cang dfldc hoan chinh va trd thanh phfldng thflc chu yeu eua nen giao due va dao tao nhan sfl cho chinh quyen phong kien Viet Nam. Va, lich sfl Nho hpc da gdp phan lam nen truyen tho'ng nghin nam van vat eua Thang Long, cua Viet Nam da dfldc khdi dau tfl thdi vua Ly Nhan Tong. Cung vdi viec khdi diu phep khoa cfl lay lam dfldng loi Ifla chpn ngfldi hien tai vao bp may nha nfldc, vao nam 1089, vua Ly Nhan Tong da td chflc lai bp may trieu chinh mpt each he tho'ng theo mo hinh quan ly eua Trung Quo'e bing viec dinh quan che, chia van vo ra lam chin pham, quan hiu vua va cac chflc tap lflu. Tfl day, cac chflc quan trong trieu, ngoai cac chau quan mdi dflpc quy dinh mpt each bai ban, ro rang(3). Nhfl vay, vdi viec dinh quan che, to chflc lai he thddng quan lai, sfla sang viec chinh sfl, dinh khoa cfl va giao due theo Nho giao, Ly Nhan Tong da bfldc diu thiet lap nhflng dieu kien quan trpng nhat chuan hi cho Nho giao din din chiem dfldc vi tri quan trpng trong dao tri nfldc va trd thanh he tfl tfldng thdhg tri trong ddi song chinh tri d cac trieu dai sau. Va dieu quan trpng hdn (2) Theo; Dgi Viet sd ky todn thu. Sdd., tr.426, 432 va Tran Trong Kim. Viet Nam sie liigc. Nxb Da Ning, 2003, tr.95, 96. (3) Theo Tran Trong Kim. Sdd., cac quan dau trieu CO quan dai than gom Thai sq, Thai pho. Thai iiy va Thieu sii, thieu pho, Thieu iiy. Diidi do, ben van c6 ThUdng thii, ta hqu Tham tri, ta hqu gian nghi dai phu, Trung thq Thi lang. Bo thi lang,..-., ben vo gom cac chqc Do tho'ng Nguyen siiy, Tong quan khu mat sq, Kim ngo thiidng tudng, Dai tu6ng, do tq6ng... Ngoai cac chau quan ben van thi co Tri phu, phan phu, Tri chau, ben vo co Chii 16 tran trai quan. 38

3 VUALY NHAN TONG vql TAM GIAO la, cung vdi viec md dfldng cho Nho giao phat trien thi dfldng 16'i tri nfldc theo Nho giao ngay cang phat huy hieu qua, gdp phan tich cflc vao viec cung c6' nha nfldc trung fldng tap quyen. Do la bfldc di hdp quy luat lich sfl Doi vdi Phat giao Ly Nhan Tdng la mpt trong nhflng vi vua sung mp dao Phat nha't thdi Ly. Chiu anh hfldng cua Hoang thai hau Y Lan, ong la ngfldi ung hp Phat giao tren ca phfldng dien ton giao va kinh te. Cd the ndi, dfldi sfl bao trd cua vua Ly Nhan Tong vdi sfl hau thuan cua Hoang thai hau, Phat giao thdi ky nay da phat trien tdi mflc huy hoang ca ve mat td chflc, so' Iflpng ehua va tang ni, tiem life kinh te va tfl tfldng giao ly. Ve mat to chflc, Ly Nhan Tong tiep tuc truyen tho'ng tfl cac ddi vua trfldc, coi trpng vai trd co' vin va nhat thdhg Phat giao cua cac vi cao tang. Nam 1088, nha vua phong nha sfl Kho Diu lam Quoc sfl de hdi viec nfldc. Cung trong nam nay, ong eho phan hang cac loai chua trong nfldc thanh hang dai, trung va tieu danh lam, cho quan van chflc cao kiem lam De cfl (chuyen quan ly rupng da't va tai san cua nha chua). Nhfl vay, Ly Nhan Tong tiep tuc lay Phat giao lam qudc giao, coi Phat giao la phfldng tien tho'ng nhat nhan tam, cung co' sfl tho'ng nhat va uy quyin cua trieu dai ve mat ton giao. Tuy nhien, ve mat chinh tri, vdi viec ung hp sil phat trien cua Nho giao, Ly Nhan Tong da phin nao gidi ban anh hfldng cua Phat giao tren chinh trfldng. Ke ca vai trd Qudc sfl cua Kho Diu cung chu ye'u la tren linh vflc ton giao chfl khong ban la tren linh vflc trieu chirih(4). Ddng thdi, viec dat quan van lam chflc De cif de quan ly tai san nha chua cung la mpt ehinh sach quan ly ton giao rat hay Clia Ly Nhan Tong trong viec giai bai toan quan he nha nfldc va ton giao, vfla giup cho viec tho'ng nhit ve td chflc, quan ly Phat giao, vfla giup Phat giao phat trien mpt each he tho'ng va quy eu ma khong ra ngoai tim kiem soat cua nha nflde. Viec to chflc cac le hpi Phat giao, nha nfldc hda cac ll hpi nay cung dfldc Ly Nhan Tong dac biet coi trpng. Dfldi thdi cai tri cua ong, lin dau tien ehung ta biet tdi Hpi den Quang Chieu nhfl mpt le hpi ky an cua Phat giao dfldc nha nude dflng ra to chflc het sfle huy hoang. Theo eac sach sfl thi le hpi nay chi dfldc nhic tdi dfldi thdi Ly Nhan Tong vao cae nam Canh Dan (1110): "Mua Xuan thang Gieng, td chflc hpi den Quang Chieu d ngoai cfla Dai Hflng"; va vao nam Binh Than (1116) lai ghi: "Mua Xuan thang Gieng td chflc hpi den Quang Chieu d ngoai cfla Dai Hflng, che tao nha sfl bing go cot vao danh chuong" (Dgi Viet sd luge); nam Canh Ty (1120): "Mua Xuan, thang Hai, md hpi den Quang Chieu"; va vao nam Binh Ngp (1126): "Mua Xuan thang Gieng, md hpi den Quang Chieu bay ngay dem. Tha ngfldi cd tpi d phu Do Hp, xuong chieu cho sfl thin cua Chiem Thanh xem" {Dgi Viet sd ky todn thu). Nghi thflc tim Phat vao ngay rim, mdng mpt hang thang va ngay Phat dan mdng 8 thang 4 cung dfldc nha vua dinh lam le thfldng tfl nam Nhfl vay, vdi sfl chinh thflc hoa cac ngay le hpi cua Phat giao, Ly Nhan Tdng da gdp phan cung co' vi tri qud'c giao cua Phat giao va phat huy toi da vai trd thong nhat nhan tam eua Phat giao vao quan ly nha nfldc, nhd do (4) Dgi Viet sii ky todn thu cho rang "Nhan Tong sung dao Phat, phong lam Quoc sii de hoi viec nq6c, Cling nhii Le Dai Hanh do'i v6i Ng^ Khuong Viet ma thoi" chq khong phai co vi tri tiet viet cung Te tii6ng dqng tren dien xet doan cong viec nhu CO thuyet phong doan. Sdd., tr

4 LE THI LAN, NGUYEN THI HIEU tang cfldng dfldc uy quyen va anh hfldng cua chinh quyen trung fldng doi vdi eac vung phu can(5). Dfldi thdi Ly Nhan Tdng, sd Ifldng ehua dflpc xay dflng va sd tang ni eung tang len dang ke. Bia chua Linh Xflng chep: "Hi eo canh dep nui non thi khong ndi nao la khong md mang de xay dflng chua chien". nhieu chua dfldc xay dflng ca d cac vung dan toe thieu so', nhfl chua Bao Ninh Sung Phuc d Ha Tuyen nam 1107(6). Sach Bgi Viet sii ky todn thu chep nam 1097, "bay gid trong nflde giau du, Thai hau lam nhieu chua Phat", nam 1115 "Thai hau dflng chua thd Phat trfldc sau hdn m.pt tram chua" (7). Co the ke mpt so' ehua dfldc xay dflng va to chflc khanh thanh ram rp trong thdi nay nhfl chua Thing Nghiem Thanh Thp nam 1118, ehua Tinh Lfl nam chua Bao thien nam 1121, bao thap Sung Dien Dien Linh nam 1122,... Cung vdi viec xay dflng nhieu chua thap Phat giao thi so' Ifldng tang ni tai cac chua nay cung trd nen dong dao do ehinh saeh khuyen khich tu hanh cua nha Ly. Nhieu chua, so' Ifldng tang dd tfl hang tram tdi ca nghin ngudi nhu chua Kien Sd eua thien sfl Da Bao CO hdn 100 tang dd. Chua Trung Minh cua sfl Thien Lao co tdi hang nghin hpe trd...(8). Viec dflng chua va khuyen khich dan ehung tu hanh nhfl vay dfldc ddng dao vua quan, hoang than quo'e thieh nha Ly ung hp, dong gop ca ve vat chat va tinh thin. Hp da bd tien cua de xay ehua, lai cung nhieu rupng dit cho ehua lam phfldng tien sinh so'ng, khien eho Phat giao thdi ky nay trd thanh mpt life Ifldng xa hpi ra't manh ve kinh te. Chang ban, Thai hau Y Lan da eung 72 mau rupng eho chua thap Sung Dien Dien Linh. Rupng ehua nhieu, nha chua ed ca dien no va cua chfla trong kho. nhieu vi cao tang nhfl sfl Khong Lp cdn dfldc nha vua cip 20 thflc hp nhfl che dp phong thudng eong than,... Vi vay, Ly Nhan Tong cdn cfl cac vi quan van dam dudng them chflc De cfl de quan ly tai san giup nha chua. Tiem lue kinh te manh, ehua thap nhieu, su dd dong dao, dieu do cho thay Phat giao thdi ky nay da dupc su nang dd manh me cua trieu dinh va phat trien thanh mpt luc lupng co vi tri chinh tri - kinh te - xa hpi to ldn. Vi tri qudc giao cua Phat giao thdi Ly NTian Tong con dupc khang dinh va cung cd' them tren phudng dien tu tudng vdi viee nha vua va cac tang ni het sfle ehu trpng phat trien giao ly Phat giao. Sfl chep, nha vua da hai lin cfl ngfldi sang Tong xin kinh Tam tang vao nam 1081 va nam Cac kinh nay dfldc in va chep tay de lflu truyen. Ngoai ra, cac tang ni tren ed sd eac kinh saeh da dpe va tiep thu theo sd kien rieng da sang tac nhieu thd van mang tinh chit la bai ke hoac van bia de truyen giang giao ly va tfl tfldng triet hpe Phat giao mpt each ngan gpn, sue tich. Hien tfldng nay da lam nen mpt nen van hpc thien rflc rd dfldi trieu Ly, dae biet la dfldi thdi Ly Nhan Tong vdi cae dai bieu nhfl Dieu Nhan, Tfl Dao Hanh, Y Lan,... Nhflng vin de triet hpc Phat giao cao vien luan ban ve ban the (5) Dgi Viet su ky todn thii chep viec nam 1073, Thai sq Ly Dao Thanh ra coi chau Nghe An lap vien Dia Tang dat tqdng thd Phat va vi hieu ciia Ly Thanh Tong, s6m hom thd phung. Ve sau, nhiing ngiidi tran thu chau Nghe An vin lay ndi ay lam ch6 thd phvmg Ly Thanh Tong, tr.425. Do chinh la mot hinh thqc diing Phat giao de ciing co' uy quyen ciia vua Ly. (6) Theo: Nguyin Tai ThU (chu bien). Lich sie Phat gido Viet Nam. Nxb Khoa hoc xa hpi, Ha Npi, 1988, tr (7) Dai Viet sie ky todn thu. Sdd., tr.435, 440. (8) Nguyin Tai ThQ (chii bien). Lich sd Phat gido vat Nam. Sdd., tr.l48. 40

5 VUA LY NHAN TONG vql TAM GLAO hpc nhfl cac khai niem tam, phap, khong, dieu tinh, chan nhfl,... la chu de nhan thflc luan chu yeu dfldc de cap trong van hpc Phat giao thdi ky nay. Ddng nha't Phat vdi tam, coi do la ban the td'i thfldng cua the gidi van phap la nhan thflc chung Clia ca hai phai Thien Ti ni da lflu chi va Vo Ngon Thong. Dac biet, cac nha Thien hpc thdi ky nay chu trpng tdi khai niem tam khong, eoi viec tu tap Thien dinh dat tdi trang thai tam khdng se ngp dflpc chan ly, giac ngp dfldc chan nhfl, dieu tinh, Phat tinh. Cung vdi cac van de ban the luan sieu hinh, cao vien dd, cac thien sfl cdn luan ve con dfldng nhan thflc, dat dflpc Phat tinh, chan nhfl. Phai Thien Vo Ngon Thong cho d6 la con dfldng trflc giac, sieu nghiem, gat bd ngon ngfl va tfl duy duy ly. Nha sfl Minh Tri cho ring: "Giao ngoai (Thien tong) thi phai truyen theo each rieng, ngudn cua To va Phat la dy hi (khong thay dfldc, khong nghe dfldc), neu ai muon bien (phan tich) ve dieu dd thi nhfl la tim khoi trong anh sang ao tfldng" (9). Nhflng dong gdp ve tfl tfldng ban the luan va nhan thflc luan Phat hpc ndi tren cho th^ tim tfl duy triet hpc cao sieu cua cac thien sfl thdi ky nay. Chinh tim cao va sau cua tfl duy triet hpc Phat giao do, qua tam gfldng tu tap va truyen ba Phat hpe cua cac sfl tang, da tac dpng tdi tfl duy chinh tri - xa hpi thdi ky nay, khien cho dfldng ldi cai tri cua Ly Nhan Tong noi rieng, trieu Ly noi chung mang tinh khoan hda, dflpc long dan, giau tinh nhan van Doi vdi Dao giao Dao giao rat dfldc coi trpng tfl thdi Dinh, Le, den thdi Ly lai cang dfldc coi trpng hdn. Dac biet, vua Ly Nhan Tong cung ndi tieng la ngfldi sung mp Dao giao. Tuy nhien, Dao giao thdi ky nay ket hdp vdi Phat giao, la mat giao, tdn tai dudi cac hinh thflc nhfl eiu dao, bua ehu, bit quyet va cac phep linh di khae. Nha vua thfldng mdi cac vi cao tang, gidi phep thuat, nhu Tfl Dao Hanh, Minh Khong,... lam le ciu.dao, bua chu, chfla benh mli khi cd viee bit thfldng, nhfl ban ban, lu lut, benh tat,... Trong Bgi Viet sd ky todn thu, thdi Ly Nhan Tong, cac sfl gia chep rat nhieu sfl kien lien quan tdi sfl Ua chuong Dao giao cua Ly Nhan Tong. NhU nam 1073, mua dim, vua sai rudc Phat Phap Van ve kinh de ciu tanh, eung thin nui Tan Vien; nam 1117, khong mua, ciu dao d hanh cung,... Nhflng budi le cau dao nay thfldng do cac nha sfl dam nhiem. Lich sfl Phat giao Viet Nam cho biet, cae nha sfl phai Ti ni da lflu chi khong chi gidi ve thien hpc, ma cdn chiu anh hfldng rit ldn cua mat giao va ndi tieng ve phep thuat. Dieu dd cho thiy ranh gidi gifla Thien tong va Mat tong, gifla Phat giao va Dao giao thdi ky nay het sfle md hd. Tuy nhien, chinh sfl ket hdp chat ehe gifla Mat tong va Thien tong d6 cang lam tang anh hfldng xa hpi cua Phat giao va cung co' sfl sung mp cua Ly Nhan Tong do'i vdi Phat giao. Mac du vay, viec sfl dung phep thuat Dao giao cua Ly Nhan Tong ebl nhfl nhflng bien phap bo trd eho viec tri nfldc, an dan va nha vua cung khong CO sfl tach bach ro rang gifla Phat giao va Dao giao. 2. Anh hfldng quan diem tam giao dong nguyen cua Ly Nhan Tong trong viec tri nfldc Dfldi nhan quan Nho giao, cac sfl gia cua Bgi Viet sd ky todn thu eho rang nha vua fla diem lanh, chuong Phat giao nen lam luy eho dflc tot. Tuy nhien, qua viec khao sat thai dp cua vua Ly Nhan Tong (9) Nguyin Tai ThQ (chu bien). Sdd., tr.l82. 41

6 LE THI LAN, NGUYEN THI HIEU do'i vdi tam giao nhfl tren, chung ta thiy nha vua da ed mpt the flng xfl rat minh triet ddi vdi ca ba giao, tao nen mpt sfl ung hp bet sfle to ldn cua ca ba giao nay vdi trieu dai cua ong. Ddng thdi, vdi nhan quan chinh tri dung hdp tam giao uyen ehuyen, nha vua mdt mat gidi ban dan vai tro eua Phat giao va Dao giao chu yeu trong linh vflc ton giao - xa hpi; mat khdc, tao ra mpt so' dieu kien nen tang eho sil phat trien Nho giao va xay dflng vi the cua Nho giao trong linh vflc chinh tri. Dieu do phu hdp vdi flu the, mat manh rieng cua moi dao trong viec hinh thanh the chan vac ve he tfl tfldng cua ngfldi Viet thdi ky nay. Chinh sfl khon kheo trong viee xfl ly mo'i quan he nha nflde vdi ton giao, sfl dung the manh cua tam giao vao tri vi da't nfldc cua Ly Nhan Tong da tao ra thdi ky binh yen va hung manh hdn nfla the ky cho nha nfldc Dai Viet giai doan nay. Dfldi thdi Ly Nhan Tong, dpc lap dan tpc va toan ven lanh thd da dfldc bao ve mpt each oai hung, ve vang. Bang viee cung co' mo hinh nha nfldc theo Nho giao, Ly Nhan Tong da phat huy dfldc sfle manh cua bp may lanh dao vao cong cupe gifl gin dpc lap dan tpc va toan ven lanh thd. Dfldi thdi ong tri vi, nam 1075, Ly Thfldng Kiet va Ton Dan theo lenh vua da chu dpng dem quan sang danh chau Kham, chau Liem, chau Ung, pha tan am mflu xam Ifldc Dai Viet eua nha Td'ng. Den nam 1076, Ly Thfldng Kiet lai dai pha quan Td'ng tren song Nhfl Nguyet, tao dieu kien cho viec ddi lai dat Quang Nguyen vao nam Nam 1084, Le Van Thinh di sfl sang Tdng, dung ly le Nho giao sic sao ban viec phan dinh cfldng gidi hai nudc va ddi lai dupe cae huyen cdn lai kbac, gifl trpn cfldng gidi lanh thd phia Bic. Cung dfldi thdi Ly Nhan Tdng, Ly Thfldng Kiet hai lin di danh Chiem Thanh, ngan chan sfl quay nhieu phia Nam bd coi, khien nfldc Chiem Thanh va cac nfldc phia Nam phai trieu cdng. Ben canh thanh tflu ve quan sfl, chinh tri, ddi so'ng kinh te va van hoa Dai Viet dfldi thdi Ly Nhan Tong cung phat trien rfle rd nhd ehu trfldng trpng thi tam giao cua nha vua. Ddi song thanh binh, sung tuc cua nhan dan la dieu kien cho \aec phat trien, md mang chua ehien Phat giao. Sfl phat trien eua Phat giao va Dao giao lai dem tdi ddi sdng tinh thin cao khiet, tfldi dep, hfldng thien, thuin hda cho ngfldi dan. Nen van hpe Phat giao rflc rd thdi ky nay cung gdp phin eung ed^ nhflng gia tri van boa tinh thin dac sac cua nen van hien Dai Viet. Nen hpe van Nho giao bfldc diu dfldc tao dflng va nang dd da ngay cang the hien la he tho'ng giao due dap flng nhfl ciu phat trien cua dat nflde. Sfl ddng ton tam giao cua nha vua la mpt trong nhflng nguyen nhan thiet lap va thuc day khong gian ton giao tfl do, hda binh va tfldi dep thdi ky nay. Thanh tflu phat trien van hda Dai Viet noi chung, Thang Long ndi rieng thdi Ly Nhan Tong de lai da trd thanh nhflng gia tri tinh thin vo gia. Co the noi, vdi vai trd ngfldi nhac trfldng, Ly Nhan Tong da khdi day va tao dieu kien de dan nhac tam giao hda thanh tao dflng nhflng gia tri tinh than va xa hpi dang quy lau dai cho nha nfldc Dai Viet dang ngay cang hung thinh va khing dinh vi the trong vung Dong Nam A. Bai hpc hch sfl ve mpt tu duy ehinh tri hai boa, biet ket hdp kheo leo gifla sfle manh quan sfl vdi sfle manh tinh than, gifla chinh tri va ton giao cua Ly NTian Tong la mpt gia tri trong tu duy chinh tri eua dan tpc, dang de ddi sau suy ngim.q 42