cö ÍvweZ Lmov wkÿv AvBb 2013 Ges GKxf Z wkÿvt GKwU we kølyag x ch v jvpbv I mycvwik * gvnv ` ZvwiK Avnmvb ** BKevj nv mb *** gvt Avey eki wmwïk m~pbv

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1 cö ÍvweZ Lmov wkÿv AvBb 2013 Ges GKxf Z wkÿvt GKwU we kølyag x ch v jvpbv I mycvwik * gvnv ` ZvwiK Avnmvb ** BKevj nv mb *** gvt Avey eki wmwïk m~pbv BD b v KZ K 1994 mv j NvwlZ mvjvgvbkv wwk v ikb (UNESCO, 1994)Gi ci wek e vcx GKxf Z wkÿv KŠkjmg~n ev Íevq bi gva g mevi R b gvbm Z wkÿv wbwðz Kivi j ÿ Av `vjb ïiæ nq GiB avivevwnkzvq we k i wewfbœ `k GKxf Z wkÿvmnvqk Ges mg_ K bxwzgvjv I AvBb cöyqb K i GKB m ½ mikvwi I emikvwi D ` v M zj ch v q bvbv ai bi Kvh µg I nv Z biqv nq evsjv `k Zvi e wzµg bq GKxf Z wkÿv ev Íevq bi R b evsjv `k BwZg a wewfbœ ai bi AvBb cöyqb K i Q, hvi g a D jøl hvm nj eva Zvg~jK cöv_wgk wkÿv AvBb, 1990 (MOPME,1990) evsjv `k cöwzeüx Kj vy AvBb 2001, (MSW,2001) RvZxq wkÿvbxwz 2010, (MOE, 2010) wkï AwaKvi AvBb, 2011 (MOWCA, 2011) cöwzeüx e w³ `i AwaKvi I myiÿv AvBb 2013, (Ahsan, 2013) 2q ch v qi RvZxq Kg cwikíbv (MOPME, 2003) cöf wz D jøl hvm GQvovI mikvi KZ K ek wkqz Kg m~wp nv Z biqv n q Q h jv GKxf Z wkÿv ev Íevq b iæz c~y fzwgkv ivl Q, hgb 2q cöv_wgk wkÿv Dbœqb cökí ev PEDP2, (DPE, 2005), 3q cöv_wgk wkÿv Dbœqb cökí ev PEDP3, (DPE,2011) wuwps KvqvwjwU B úªyf g U cöv R± (TQISEP, 2006) cöf wz GmKj D ` vm evsjv `k mikv ii GKxf Z wkÿv ev Íevq bi cöwz AvšÍwiKZviB cwipq enb K i GmKj bxwzgvjv, Kvh µg I AvšÍR vwzk NvlYvi mv _ mvgäm iÿvi ^v _ Ges RvZxq wkÿvbxwz 2010 Abyhvqx evsjv ` k GKwU wkÿv AvBb Kiv AwZ Riæwi GB AvBb cöyq bi iæz we epbv K i evsjv `k mikvi 2013 mv j GKwU Lmov wkÿv AvBb cöyqb K i hv ÒcÖ ÍvweZ Lmov wkÿv AvBb 2013Ó bv g cwiwpz (MOE, 2013) GB cö ÍvweZ Lmov wkÿv AvB b GKxf Z wkÿvi cöwz we kl iæz Av ivc Kiv n q Q GB cöeüwui D Ïk nj cö ÍvweZ Lmov wkÿv AvBb 2013 ch v jvpbv K i AvBbwU KZUzKz mdjfv e GKxf Z wkÿvi Dbœq b Ae`vb ivl e Zv we køly Kiv Ges Lmov AvB bi Kvb aviv ev Dcavivq cwigvr b, cwiez b ev cwiea b cö qvrb co j m e vcv i mywbw` ó mycvwik cö`vb Kiv * mn hvmx Aa vck, wkÿv I M elyv Bbw wudu, XvKv wek we` vjq ** Dc `óv KvqvwjwU cövbgvwi GWz Kkb cövmövg, cøvb B Uvib vkbvj evsjv `k *** cö R± KvAiwW bui, BbK zkb B bwm qwufm di úkvjwbwm evsjv `k 22 evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx

2 AvBb ch v jvpbvq Abym Z c wz Gwkqvb m Uvi di BbK zwmf GWz Kkb (ACIE) Ges cøvb B Uvib vkbvj evsjv `k hš_fv e 24 AvM 2013 kwbev i cö ÍvweZ Lmov wkÿv AvBb 2013 ch v jvpbvi R b XvKvi k ievsjv bm i Aew Z AvB ww we fe b GKwU Kg kvjvi Av qvrb K i GB Kg kvjvq 30 wu cöwzôvb _ K cövq 60 Rb Ask MÖnYKvix wq jb hvi gv S cöv_wgk wkÿv Awa`ßi, cöv_wgk I MYwkÿv gš Yvjq, RvZxq wkÿvµg I cvv cȳ ÍK evw, mgvr mev Awa`ßi, AvBBAvi XvKv wek we` vjq, AvBBwWeª vk BDwbfvwm wumn Ab vb wewfbœ RvZxq I AvšÍR vwzk Dbœqbg~jK ms v hviv wkÿv wb q KvR Ki Q Zv `i cöwzwbwaiv AskMÖnY K ib AvBbwUi wel q cö_ g GKwU wjwlz cöeü Dc vcb Kiv nq g~j cöeü Dc vc bi ci AvBbwUi wewfbœ Aa v qi Ici wfwë K i AskMÖnYKvixMY 4 wu QvU ` j wef³ n q AvB bi wewfbœ aviv I Dcaviv wb q wbweofv e Av jvpbv K ib cöwzwu ` ji `j bzv Ges i v cvwu qv ii GB Av jvpbv ch v jvpbvi Z_ jv wjwce K ib `jxq Av jvpbvi wfwë Z cövß Z_ I mycvwikmg~n K mkj AskMÖnYKvix `i mv _ Dc vcb Kiv nq Ges mk ji gzvg Zi wfwë Z Abyôv bi `yb Rb mâvjk Zv `i i v cvwu qv ii mnvqzvq mycvwikgvjv wjwce K ib ciez x mg q G mkj mycvwikmg~n K GKwU cyy v½ cöwz e`b AvKv i cö Z K i evsjv `k mikv ii mswkøó gš Yvjq, mkj AskMÖnYKvix cöwzôvb, wkÿv wb q KvR Ki Q Ggb Ab vb mikvwi I emikvwi cöwzôvb Ges emikvwi D ` v M Lmov AvBb wb q KvR Ki Q Ggb cöwzôvb jv Z weziy Kiv nq GB Kg kvjvq AskMÖnYKvixiv GKxf Z wkÿvi Av jv K cö ÍvweZ wkÿv AvBb K `Lvi Póv K i Qb MYcÖRvZš x evsjv `k mikv ii cöv_wgk I MYwkÿv gš Yvjq Ges wkÿv gš Yvj qi GKxf Z wkÿvi we ep mgyn K h ` wófw½ Z wba viy K i Q, mwub Lmov AvBb ch v jvpbvq e envi Kiv n q Q A_ vr b Mvôx, cöwzeüx, wj½ Ges mvgvwrk myweavewâz wkï `i cvkvcvwk wkqz cö Ívebvi wfwë Z Lmov AvBb ch v jvpbv Kiv n q Q wpî 1GLmov AvBb ch v jvpbvq e eüz GKxf Z wkÿvi ÿ Î we ep mg~ ni GKwU aviyv cö`vb Kiv n q Q cöwzeüx wkï b Mvôxmg~n RÛvi GKxf Z wkÿvi Av jv K we ep mg~n myweavewâz wkï mg~n wpî 1: Lmov AvBb ch v jvpbvq e eüz GKxf Z wkÿvi ÿ Î we ep mg~n evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx 23

3 cö ÍvweZ Lmov wkÿv AvBb 2013ch v jvpbv cö ÍvweZ Lmov wkÿv AvBb 2013 ch v jvpbvi wfwë Z cªvß ms kvabx/mg~n Uwej 1G Dc vwcz n q Q Uwej 1: cö ÍvweZ Lmov wkÿv AvBb 2013 G cö ÍvweZ ms kvabx/ Aa vq/aviv c ôv cö Ívebv Aa vq: cöviw K I (cövkcöv_wgk I cöv_wgk wkÿv) cö Ívebv cöviw K/ msáv 2(K) Lmov AvBb h nzz cöv_wgk, gva wgk I D Pwkÿv Í i AvaywbK, gvbm Z, hy Mvc hvmx I cöhyw³wbf i wkÿv e e v Mwoqv Zvjv mgxpxb... Ô gšwjk wkÿvõ ewj Z gva wgk wkÿvi c~e Íi ch ší mkj AvbyôvwbK wkÿv K eysvb e; cö ÍvweZ ms kvabx cy iv Lmovq ÔcÖwZewÜÕ evbvbwu cöwzeüx h nzz cövkcöv_wgk, cöv_wgk, gva wgk I D Pwkÿv Í i AvaywbK, gvbm Z, hy Mvc hvmx I cöhyw³wbf i wkÿv e e v Mwoqv Zvjv mgxpxb... Ô gšwjk wkÿvõ Gi msáv AviI mywbw` ó Ki Z evsjv GKv Wwg KZ K evbv bi wbqgvbyhvqx cövkcöv_wgk wkÿvi wkÿve e vi GKwU iæz c~y Íi cöviw K/ msáv 2(P) cöviw K/ msáv 2(Q) ÔcvÖ KcvÖ _wgk wkÿvõ ewj Z Pvi ermi nb Z Qq ermi chš Í eq mi wkÿv_x `i Rb wbav wiz gqv `i we` vjq c Ö w Zgj~ K wkÿv K esy vb e; ÔcÖv_wgK wkÿvõ ewj Z wkÿvi Ges gv`ivmv wkÿvi cö_g köwy nb Z Aóg köwy ch ší wkÿv K eysvb e; ÔcÖvKcÖv_wgK wkÿvõ ewj Z 4+ I 5+ eq mi wkÿv_ x `i Rb wba vwiz gqv `i we` vjq cö ÍzwZg~jK wkÿv K eysvb e; ÔcÖv_wgK wkÿvõ ewj Z wkÿvi Ges gv`ivmv wkÿvi cövkcöv_wgk mncö_g köwy nb Z Aóg köwy ch ší wkÿv K eysvb e; 4+ I 5+ Øviv eqmmxgv AviI we klvwqz nq h nzz ÔcÖvKcÖv_wgK wkÿvõ cöv_wgk wkÿvi Rb cö wzg~jk 24 evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx

4 cöwzewüzv cöwzewüzv cöwzewüzv cöviw K/ msáv 2(T) cöviw K/ msáv 2(X) cöviw K/ msáv 2(X) c_ö g Aa vq/ 4(1) ÔmvÿiZvÕ ewj Z b ~ bzg chv q wjwl Z, cwo Z, MYbv Kwi Z Ges mnr e cwoqv ewy S Z cviv K esy vb e; ÔAšÍ f w³g~jk (Inclusive) wkÿvõ ewj Z wj½, ag, ey, fvlv, ÿz`ª b Mvôx, cöwzewü, `vwi`ªcxwoz, wkl Y we kl Pvwn`vm úbœ wksev fš MvwjK ev cövk wzk wksev Ab Kvb Kvi Y ewâz wkïi mgmy hvmwfwëk wkÿvi AwaKvi I AbyK j cwi ek wbwðz Kiv eysvb e; Ôwe kl Pvwn`vg~jK wkÿvõ ewj Z kvixwik I gvbwmk cöwzewü wkÿv_ x I AwUw K wkïi wkÿv AR b cöwµqv K mnvqzv Kwievi D Ï k A_ev wkÿv_ xi we kl Kvb `ÿzv K mymsnz Kwievi j ÿ cwipvwjz wkÿv e e v K eysvb e; wkÿvi cwö Z wkï `i AvMnÖ x Kwiqv Zwz jevi j ÿ 4 ermi nb Z 6 ermi chš Í eq mi wkï `i `By ermi gqv `i we` vj q c Ö w Zgj~ K wkÿv c`ö v bi D Ï k cvö K cvö _wgk wkÿv e e v Pvjy Kiv cö ÍvweZ ms kvabx ÔmvÿiZvÕ ewj Z b~ bzg chv q cwo Z,wjwL Z, MYbv Kwi Z Ges mnr e cwoqv eyws Z cviv K eysvb e; ÔGKxf Z (Inclusive) wkÿvõ ewj Z wj½, ag, ey, fvlv, ÿz`ª b Mvôx, cöwzeüx, `vwi`ª cxwoz, wkl b we kl Pvwn`vm úbœ wksev fš MvwjK ev cövk wzk wksev Ab Kvb Kvi Y ewâz wkïi mgmy hvmwfwëk wkÿvi AwaKvi I AbyK j cwi ek wbwðz Kiv eysvb e; mkj ai bi cöwzewüzvi D jøl _vk Z RvZxq cöwzeüx Kj vy AvBb2001 Gi bzzb ms i Y h 11 ai bi cöwzewüzvi K_v ejv n q Q Zvi me jv D jøl _vk Z wkÿvi cwö Z wkï `i AvMnÖ x Kwiqv Zwz jevi j ÿ 4 + I 5+ eqmx wkï `i `By ermi gqv `i we` vj q c Ö w Zgj~ K wkÿv c`ö v bi D Ï k cvö KcvÖ _wgk wkÿv e e v Pvjy Kiv Z e we kl Pvwn`vm úbœ wkï `i ÿ Î eqm wkw_j hvm wkÿvi avivevwnkzvq Av M Ôco Z cvivõ hvm ZvwU ARb Ki Z nq ÔGKxfZ~ (Inclusive) wkÿvõ kãwu GhverKvj mikvwi Ab vb bxwz Ges bw_ Z e envi Kiv n q Q hgb RvZxq wkÿvbxwz 2010, cv Ö _wgk wkÿv Dbq œ b ck Ö í (PEDP II & III) RvZxq cöwzeüx Kj vy AvBb Gi mv _ mvgäm ivlevi Rb GB cwiez b Ki Z 4+ I 5+ Øviv eqmmxgv AviI we klvwqz nq Ges G Z K i mkj ai bi wkïi Rb cövkcöv_wgk wkÿv e e v wbwðz evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx 25

5 cöwzewüzv cöwzewüzv, myweav ewâz wkï Ges Y Mvôx mg~n /4(2) c_ö g Aa vq/ 4(3) / 5(2) / 6(4) cö_g Aa vq/ wkÿv aviv wbwe k l cvö _wgk wkÿv c_ö g kyö x nb Z Aóg kyö x cqš Í we Z Í GB AvU ermi gqvw` cvö _wgk wkÿvi ÿ Î fwz hvm wkïi eqm nb e b ~ bgz 6 (Qq) ermi cövkcöv_wgk wkÿv A ezwbk I cöv_wgk wkÿvi AšÍf z³... cöv_wgk Í i ÿz`ª b Mvôx I mkj ÿz`ª RvwZmËvi Rb ^ ^ gvz fvlv wkÿvi e e v MÖnY Kiv GKB mv _ cöwzewü, AwUw K, Kg Rxex I myweavewâz wkï `i AskMÖnY wbwðz Kwievi Rb Dchy³ e e v MÖnY Kiv cövkcöv_wgk, cöv_wgk Ges Be Z`vqx wkÿvi cvv µg I cvv m~wp cö ÍvweZ ms kvabx Z e we kl Pvwn`v m úbœ wkï `i ÿ Î eqm wk_xj hvm GB evk wu GLv b mshy³ Ki Z n e cövkcöv_wgk wkÿv A ezwbk I cö wzg~jk wn m e cöv_wgk wkÿvi AšÍfz ³ cövkcöv_wgk I cöv_wgk Í ii mikvi KZ K wba vwiz wbw` ó köwy ch ší ÿz`ª b Mvôx I mkj ÿz`ªrvwzmëvi Rb gvz fvlvwfwëk eûfvwlk wkÿve e v MÖnY Kiv GKB mv _ mkj ai bi cöwzeüx, Kg Rxex I myweavewâz wkï `i AskMÖnY wbwðz Kwievi Rb Dchy³ e e v MÖnY Kiv wkÿkwkÿv_ x AbycvZ ch vqµ g 1:30 DbœxZ Kiv n e Ges 1g I 2q köwy Z 2Rb K i wkÿ Ki e e v _vk e cövkcöv_wgk, cöv_wgk Ges Be Z`vwq wkÿvi wkÿvµg I cvv m~wp GB evk Øviv mkj ai bi wkïi Rb cöv_wgk wkÿv e e v wbwðz gvzf vlvwfwëk eûfvwlk wkÿv e e v n Q mb e e v hvi Øviv gvzf vlvi cvkvcvwk wkïiv Ab vb fvlvq cov jlv Ki e mkj ai bi cwö ZewÜZvi g a RvZxq cwö ZeÜx Kj vy AvBb2001 Gi bzbz ms i Y h 11 ai bi cwö ZewÜZvi K_v ejv n q Q Zvi me jv D jlø _vk Z ms hvrb wkÿvµg kãwu GLv b aviyvmzfv e Dchy³ 26 evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx

6 b Mvôx mg~n cöwzewüzv Aa vq/aviv cô v /7(01) /7 /7(04) /7(05) /8(02) /8(03) Lmov AvBb... ÿz`ª b Mvôx wkÿv_x `i Rb mikvi KZ K wba vwiz wbw` ó kªyx ch ší ^ ^ gvz fvlv wkÿvi Rb cvv cȳ ÍK ˆZwi Kiv cöv_wgk wkÿv Í ii mkj aviv (, gv`ivmv I wkûvimv U b) wbwe k l wbw` ó kªwyi cvv m~px Z evsjv, Bs irx, a gxq I ˆbwZK wkÿv... eva Zvg~jK AwUw K...cªYq Yi e e v Kiv cö_g kªyx Z fwz wd... hvb e bv...cö_g kªyx Z fwz i ÿ Î h mkj... MÖnY Kwi e c Ö ví wez ms kvabx AšfÍ w z ³/mcy vwik... ÿz`ª b Mvôx wkÿv_ x `i Rb mikvi KZ K wbav wiz wbw` ó kªwy ch ší gvz fvlvwfwëk eûfvwlk wkÿvi Rb cvv cȳ ÍK ˆZwi Kiv cöv_wgk wkÿv Í ii wkÿvµg 1g5g kªwy ch ší hvm ZvwfwËK hy Mvc hvmx K i GwU 8g kªwy ch ší hvm ZvwfwËK Kiv cvö _wgk wkÿv Í ii (1g 5g kwª Y chš )Í mkj aviv (, gv`ivmv I wkûvimv Ub ) wbwe k l wbw`ó kwª Yi cvv mw~ P Z evsjv, MwYZ, Bs iwr, evsjv `k I wek cwipq, cvö _wgk weávb (cwi ek cwiwpwz, Z_ chö wy ³ I weávb), Pviæ I KviæKjv, kvixwik wkÿv I msmxz eva Zvgj~ K Kiv we kl Pvwn`vm úbœ wkÿv_x `i Rb cwipvwjz we klvwqz wkÿv cwö Zôv b c Ö hvr ÿ Î cvv mw~ P cbö q Yi e e v MnÖ Y Kiv n e, hv RvZxq wkÿvµ gi mnrxki Yi mv c ÿ cövkcªv_wgkmn cö_g kªwy Z fwz wd Ges hvpvb cixÿv MÖnY Kiv hvb e bv... cövkcöv_wgkmn cö_g kªwy Z byzb GKwU c q U wn m e GwU K mshy³ Kivi mycvwik Kiv n jv byzb wkÿvµg Abyhvqx GB jv eva Zvg~jK cvö K cvª _wgkmn D jlø Kiv evãbxq evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx 27

7 cöwzewüzv /9(02) /12(01) /13(01) /14 /14 (01) /14 (02) Av e`bkvix _vkv mv c ÿ AwUw K, kvixwik, I gvbwmk cöwzewü... KvUv msiÿy Kiv cöv_wgk Í ii mkj wkÿv cöwzôv bi cö_g I wøzxq köwy Z...g~j vqb Kiv cö_g nb Z câg kªwy cq ší wkÿkzvi ÿ Î... cöv_wgk wkÿvi wkÿk `i cöwkÿy...cö_g nb Z câg kªwy cq ší cvv`vbkvix wkÿk `i wkÿkzvi ÿ Î... cöv_wgk wkÿvi mkj Í i... cö ÍvweZ ms kvabx Av e`bkvix _vkv mv c ÿmkj ai bi cöwzeüx wkï `i... KvUv msiÿy Kiv cvö _wgk Í ii mkj wkÿv cwö Zôv bi c_ö g I wøzxq kwª Y Z avivevwnk gj~ vq bi Ici AwaK iæz w` Z ZZ xq _ K Aóg kwª Y chš Í avivevwnk gj~ vqbmn Aae vwlk I evwlk...gj~ vqb Kiv cövkcªv_wgkmn cö_g kªwy _ K câg kªwy ch ší wkÿkzvi ÿ Î... cövkcªv_wgk I cöv_wgk wkÿvi wkÿk `i cöwkÿy...cövkcªv_wgkmn cö_g kªwy _ K câg kªwy cq ší cvv`vbkvix wkÿk `i wkÿkzvi ÿ Î... Ges lô _ K Aóg kªwy ch ší cvv`vbkvix wkÿk `i Avewk Kfv e wegw/gg.gw wwwmö... mb mv _ cövkcöv_wgk wkÿvq wb qvwrz wkÿk `i Rb we kl cöwkÿ Yi e e v Kiv ch vqµ g lô _ K Aóg kªwyi wkÿkmyi wegw/gggw Gi cwie Z ww cøvgv Bb GWy Kkb Ki eb cövkcªv_wgkmn cöv_wgk wkÿv GwU mshy³ Ki Z mk ji AwaKvi wbwðz Kivi R b cövkcªv_wgkmn D jøl Kiv evãbxq cövkcªv_wgkmn D jøl Kiv evãbxq 28 evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx

8 cwö ZewÜZv, mwy eav ewâz wkï Ges Y Mvôx mgn~ /14 (03) /14 /14 (06) /16 /16 /16 (02) / we kl Pvwn`vm úbœ wkÿv_x `i... b vkbvj GKv Wwg di cövbgvwi...e e v MÖnY Kiv cöv_wgk wkÿv Í ii cökvmb cöv_wgk wkÿv Í ii cökvmb cövkcöv_wgk I cöv_wgk wkÿv Í ii... vcb Kiv cö ÍvweZ ms kvabx GB c q UwU Zz j dj Z wkÿk cöwkÿ Y GKxf~Z (Inclusive) wkÿvi wu AšÍf ³ Ki Z n e b vkbvj GKv Wwg di cövbgvwi... e e v MÖnY Kiv mb mv _ mswkøó ckvwfwëk wkÿv I M elyvag x cöwzôvb K Gi mv _ mshy³ Kiv AvBBAvi, XvKv wek we` vjq K wkÿv M elyv I ckvrxex ˆZwii g Wj wn m e ˆZwi Ki Z cövkcöv_wgk I cöv_wgk wkÿv Í ii cökvmb cövkcöv_wgk I cöv_wgk wkÿv Í ii cökvmb cövkcöv_wgk I cöv_wgk wkÿv Í ii cöwzwu mikvwi I emikvwi wkÿv cöwzôvb K AwaKZi Kvh Ki Kievi Rb we` gvb cöv_wgk wkÿv ev Íevqb, cwiexÿy I g~j vqb BDwbU K cöv_wgk wkÿv Awa`ß ii AvIZvq Avbv h nzz cöv_wgk wkÿv Aóg köwy ch ší DbœxZ Kiv n q Q ZvB cövkcöv_wgk I cöv_wgk wkÿvi cökvmb K c~bm Vb Kiv nvk wkÿk cwö kÿ Yi mv _ mvgäm cy~ bq GwU mshy³ Kiv cö qvrb cöv_wgk wkÿv ev Íevqb, cwiexÿy I g~j vqb BDwbU we` gvb evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx 29

9 Aa vq: wøzxq Aa vq (DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv, eq wkÿv I Rxebe vcx wkÿv) cöwzewüzv b Mvôx mg~n RÛvi myweavewâz wkï wøzxq Aa vq 7 18 wkÿvi my hvm nb Z ewâz mkj eqmx bvixcyiæl, AbMÖmi GjvKvi emevmkvix I `ȳ Rb Mvôxi hye I hye gwnjv `i Rb Ae vnz wkÿv I Rxebe vcx wkÿvi AvIZvq e wë I Kg ms vbg~jk cöwkÿ Yi e e v MÖnY Kiv cö ÍvweZ ms kvabx 18 wkÿvi my hvm _ K ewâz mkj eqmx bvixcyiæl, AbMÖmi GjvKvi emevmkvix, `ȳ I cªwzeüx Rb Mvôxi hye I hye gwnjv `i Rb Ae vnz wkÿv I Rxebe vcx wkÿvi AvIZvq e wë I Kg ms vbg~jk cöwkÿ Yi e e v MÖnY Kiv G AvB bi mwvk ev Íevq bi Rb DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvq ÿz`ª b Mvôxi GKxf Z Kivi bxwzgvjv _vk Z G AvB bi mwvk ev Íevq bi Rb DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvq RÛvimgZvi bxwzgvjv _vk Z G AvB bi mwvk ev Íevq bi Rb DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvq myweavewâz wkï `i GKxf ZKivi bxwzgvjv _vk Z DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvi Rb G AvB bi mwvk ev Íevq bi D Ï k GKxf Z wkÿvk bxwzgvjv _vk Z 30 evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx

10 cöwzewüzv Z Zxq 8 Aa vq H H H Aa vq: Z Zxq Aa vq (gva wgk wkÿv) 21 gva wgk wkÿvi cvv µg I cvv mw~ P: (1) mvsweavwbk eva evakzv wbwðzki Yi D Ï k gva wgk Í ii wkÿv e e vi wzbwu aviv h_v, gv`ªvmv I KvwiMwi aviv mg~ n mgzvi wfwë m wói j ÿ gšwjk mg~n h_v: evsjv, Bs irx, evsjv `k vwwr, mvavib MwYZ I Z_ cöhyw³ wkÿvq Awfbœ wkÿvµg I cvv m~px eva Zvg~jK Kiv nb e Ges GB mkj wel q Awfbœ cökœ c Î cixÿvi e e v MÖnY Kiv (3) AwUwóK, kvixwik I gvbwmk cwö ZeÜx wkÿv_x `i Rb we kl e e v cbvq cvv µg I cvv mw~ P cyö qb Kiv (5) RvZxq cvv µg I cvv cȳ ÍK evw gva wgk Í ii wkÿvµg I cvv m~px cöbqb Kwi e 22 gva wgk Í ii wkÿvi avivmgn~ : cö ÍvweZ ms kvabx 21 gva wgk wkÿvi cvv µg I cvv m~wp: (1) mvsweavwbk eva evakzv wbwðzki Yi D Ï k gva wgk Í ii wkÿv e e v i wzbwu aviv h_v, gv`ivmv I KvwiMwi avivmg ~ n mgzvi wfwë mw ói j ÿ gšwjk mgn~ h_v: evsjv, Bs iwr, evsjv `k vwwr, MwYZ I Z_ ch Ö wy ³ wkÿvq Awfbœ wkÿvµg I cvv mw~ P eva Zvgj~ K Kiv n e Ges GB mkj wel q Awfbœ ck Ö cœ Î cixÿvi e e v Mn Ö Y Kiv G ÿ Î cw Ö ZeÜx wkÿv_x `i c Ö qvrb Abhy vqx ck Ö œ c Îi fvlv mnrkiy Ges cixÿve e v q c Ö qvrb Abhy vqx we kl bgbxq e e v wbwðz Kwi Z (3) köey, ` wó, kvixwik, eyw, I AwUw K cöwzeüx `i wkÿv_ x `i Rb RvZxq wkÿvµg I cvv m~wp Z cö qvrb Abyhvqx bgbxq e e v MÖnY Kwi Z (5) RvZxq wkÿvµg I cvv cȳ ÍK evw gva wgk Í ii cöwzeüx wkÿv_x mn mkj wkÿv_x `i Rb wkÿvµg I cvv m~wp cöyqb Ki e 22 gva wgk Í ii wkÿvi avivmg~n: evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx 31

11 H H 9 H K) wkÿv: (1) wkÿkwkÿv_x AbycvZ ch vqµ g 1:30 DbœxZ Kiv (2) môy z cvv`v bi Rb wkÿv cwö Zôv bi mvwek AeKvVv gv Dbq&œ b mvab Kiv nb e Ges c Ö qvrbxq wkÿv DcKi Yi cvö c Zv wbwðz Kiv (3) cwö ZwU wkÿv cwö Zôv b DbZœ gv bi GKwU MšÖ v Mv ii Ges Ljvajy vi mviävg Gi e e v Kiv... M) ew Ëgj~ K, KvwiMwi I Z_ chö wy ³ wkÿv: (6) AwUwóK wkïmn kvixwik I gvbwmk cöwzeüx wkÿv _x `i KvwiMwi I e wëg~jk wkÿvq fwz i Rb we kl KvUv msiÿy Kiv 24 gva wgk/`vwlj Z i fwzi ÿ Î we` vj qi KZe : (1)gva wgk/ `vwlj Í ii beg kwö Y Z fwzi Av e`bkv j wkÿv_xi Rb Rwy bqi jz mvwuw d KU ev K) wkÿv : (1) wkÿkwkÿv_x AbycvZ ch vqµ g 1:30 DbœxZ Kiv n e Ges cöwzeüx wkÿv_x `i Rb cö qvrb Abyhvqx köwy Z `y Rb wkÿ Ki e e v Ki Z (2) myôz cvv`v bi Rb wkÿv cöwzôv bi mvwe K cöwzeüxevüe AeKvVv gv Dbœqb mvab Kiv n e Ges cö qvrbxq wkÿv DcKi Yi cövc Zv wbwðz Kiv (3) cwö ZwU wkÿv cwö Zôv b DbZœ gv bi GKwU MšÖ v Mv ii Ges Ljvajy vi miävggi e e v Kiv G ÿ Î Aek B cwö ZeÜxevÜe MšÖ v Mvi Ges Ljvajy vi miävg wbwðz Ki Z... M) e wëg~jk, KvwiMwi I Z_ cöhyw³ wkÿv: (6) köey, ` wó, kvixwik, eyw I gvbwmk cöwzeüx wkÿv_ x `i Rb KvwiMwi I e wëg~jk wkÿvq fwz i Rb 10% KvUv msiÿy Kiv 24 gva wgk/`vwlj Í i fwz i ÿ Î we` vj qi KZ e : (1)gva wgk/`vwlj Í ii beg köwy Z fwz i Av e`bkv j wkÿv_x i Rb Rywbqi zj mvwu wd KU ev mggv bi cixÿv cv mi mb` Ges 32 evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx

12 cöwzewüzv RÛvi myweavewâz wkï mggv bi cixÿv cv ki mb` Ges GKv`k/Avwjg kwö Y Z fwzi ÿ Î GmGmwm A_ev mggv bi cixÿv cv ki mb` `vwlj eva Zvgj~ K fwzi ÿ Î cvewjk cixÿv I fwz cixÿvi djvdj we epbv Kwiqv wkÿv_x `i Dch³y wkÿv cwö Zôv b fwzi e e v MnÖ Y Kiv 25 cixÿv I gj~ vqb: (3) gva wgk wkÿvi mkj avivq Avewk K mg ~ n chvµ g Awfbœ ckö cœ Î Abmy iy Kiv GKv`k/ Avwjg köwy Z fwz i ÿ Î GmGmwm A_ev mggv bi cixÿv cv mi mb` `vwlj eva Zvg~jK fwz i ÿ Î cvewjk cixÿv I fwz cixÿvi djvdj we epbv K i wkÿv_x `i Dchy³ wkÿv cöwzôv b fwz i e e v MÖnY Kiv Z e G ÿ Î cöwzeüx wkÿv_x `i Rb we kl bgbxqzv ev KvUv e e v wbwðz Ki Z 25 cixÿv I g~j vqb: (3) gva wgk wkÿvi mkj avivq Avewk K mg~ n chv µ g Awfbœ cökœcî AbymiY Kiv G ÿ Î cöwzeüx wkÿv_ x `i cö qvrb Abyhvqx cökœc Îi fvlv mnrkiy wbwðz Kwi Z G AvB bi mwvk ev Íevq bi Rb gva wgk wkÿvq ÿz`ª b Mvôxi GKxf~Z Kivi bxwzgvjv _vk Z G AvB bi mwvk ev Íevq bi Rb gva wgk wkÿvq RÛvimgZvi bxwzgvjv _vk Z G AvB bi mwvk ev Íevq bi Rb gva wgk wkÿvq myweavewâz wkï `i GKxf~Z Kivi bxwzgvjv _vk Z evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx 33

13 9 L) gv`ivmv wkÿv: (4)wkÿvi ZvwËK I cvö qvwmk Ávb Ges `ÿzv ARb wbwðzk í gva wgk chv q Kgi Z gv`ivmv wkÿk `i we.gg.gw wwwmö AR bi e e v MnÖ Ymn bzbz wb qvmcvö ß `i ÿ Î wbav wiz mgqmxgvi g a we.gg.gw wwwmö ARb eva Zvgj~ Z Kiv L) gv`ivmv wkÿv: (4)GKxf~Z wkÿvi ZvwË K I cöv qvwmk Ávb Ges `ÿzv AR b wbwðzk í gva wgk chv q Kg iz gv`ivmv wkÿk `i we.gg.gw wwwmö AR bi e e vmönymn bzzb wb qvmcövß `i ÿ Î wba vwiz mgqmxgvi g a we.gg.gw wwwmö AR b eva Zvg~jZ Kiv gv`ivmv wkÿv e e vqi cöwzeüx, ÿỳ ª b Mvôxi, Am Qj cwiev ii wkïiv hb jlvcov Ki Z cv i mrb mkj ÿ Î cö qvrbxq e e v MÖnY Ki Z (Avjv`v GKwU Ab y Q` K i ms hvrb Ki Z n e) Aa vq: PZz_ Aa vq (D P wkÿv) 4_ Aa vq 4_ Aa vq (2): ` ki mkj Í ii...fwzi e e v Kwi e 33 (3): Pvi erm ii vœ ZK (m vb) wwwm Ö K... hvm Zv wbav iy Ki Z cvwi e 33 (2): ` ki mkj Í ii...fwzi e e v Ki e c Ö qvrb ev a GKxfZ~ wkÿvi AvIZvq mkj ai bi we kl Pvwn`vm úb,œ ÿ`z ª b Mvôx Ges mwy eavewâz wkÿv_x `i Rb bgbxq bxwzgvjv Abmy iy Kiv n e Ges KvUv wbav iy Kiv 33 (3): GB avivwu 44 (3) G biqv h Z cv i GB avivwu mwy bw`ó fv e wkÿk wb qv Mi wu wb q Av jvpbv Kiv n q Q 34 evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx

14 4_ Aa vq 4_ Aa vq 4_ Aa vq 4_ Aa vq 4_ Aa vq 4_ Aa vq 4_ Aa vq (4): mikvwi I emikvwi K jr...cwö kÿ Yi e e v Kiv 36 (2): v^ mevi Avawy bkvq b... e e v MnÖ Y Kiv 37 (3): AwUw K wkïmn...we kl e e v MnÖ Y Kiv 41 (3): D P wkÿv...wb `k bv Abhy vqx wbav iy Kwi Z 43 vœ ZK I vœ Z KvËi chv q... Avbqb Kiv 33 (3): GB avivwu 45 (3) G biqv h Z cv i 36 (2) KvD Ýwjs G vû MvB WÝ AšÍf z³ Kiv 37 (3): AwUw K wkïmn...we kl e e v MnÖ Y Kiv we kl Pvwn`vm úbœ wkÿv_x `i Rb c Ö qvrbxq we kl chö wy ³i e envi wbwðz Kiv we.`ª: ÔkvixwiK I gvbwmk cöwzewüõgi cwie Z me ai bi cöwzeüx `i D jøl Ki Z 41 (3): D P wkÿv...wb ` kbv Abyhvqx wba viy Ki Z cö qvrb ev a we kl Pvwn`vm úbœ Ges myweav ewâz wkÿv_ x `i Rb ezb gikzd Kiv 42 (4): cvewjk I cövb fu wek we` vj qi wkÿvµg mvgäm c~y Kiv 42 (5): D P wkÿvi ÿ Î emikvwi wek we` vjqmg~ n GKxf~Z wkÿvi bxwzgvjvabymiy K i we kl Pvwn`vm úbœ wkÿv_x `i we kl myweav cö`vb Kiv 43 œvzk I œvz KvËi ch v q... Avbqb Kiv cö qvrb ev a wewfbœ ai bi cöwzeüx GB avivwu Z mywbw` ófv e wkÿk `i cöwkÿy wb q Av jvpbv Kiv n q Q AwZwi³ AwZwi³ evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx 35

15 * 4_ Aa vq wkÿv_x `i Rb wekí g~j vqb c wzi e e v Kiv vœ Z KvËi chv q cixÿv c wzi cwie Z cvö qvwmk, we klø Yagx, mr bkxj gj~ vqb c wz K iæz `Iqv # mkj cvewjk I cvö B fu wekw e` vj q wkÿv wel q vœ ZK I vœ Z KvËi Kvhµ g Pvjy Kiv # mkj wkÿv cwö Zôv b GKxfZ~ wkÿvevüe c Ö ekmg, wbivc` cwi ek wbwðz Kiv # cwö ZwU wekw e` vj q cwö ZeÜx wkÿv_x `i we kl Pvwn`v ci~ Y Kivi Rb cwö ZeÜx mv cvu m Uvi cwö Zôv Kiv # dwjz mg ~ n eva Zvgj~ K B Uvbw kc e e v Pvjy Kiv # D P wkÿvi mkj aviv I cwö Zôv bi Rb G AvB bi mwvk ev eí vq bi D Ï k GKxfZ~ wkÿvk bxwzgvjv _vk Z Aa vq: câg Aa vq (wewea vejx) Aa vq/aviv c ôv Lmov AvBb cöwzewüzv (1): cvö _wgk I gva wgk Í i kvixwik I µxov wkÿvi cmö v ii Rb chv qµ g cwö ZwU wkÿv cwö Zôv b GKRb ciy æl I GKRb gwnjv 48 (1): cöv_wgk I gva wgk Í i kvixwik I µxov wkÿvi cömv ii Rb ch vqµ g cöwzwu wkÿv cöwzôv b GKRb cyiæl I GKRb gwnjv µxov wkÿk wb qv Mi e e v 36 evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx

16 µxov wkÿk wb qv Mi e e v MnÖ Y Kiv 49 (1): cvö _wgk I gva wgk chv qi mkj wkÿv cwö Zôv b Q j `i Rb e qr vdu Ges g q `i Rb Mvj MvBW wkÿvi e e v Kiv 49 (2): ` ki mkj UKwbK vj jz I K jr, cwj UKwbK Bbw wudu, K jr I wekw e` vj q wegbwmwm Ges ivfvi vdu Gi kvlv cwö Zôv Kiv 50 (3): mncvv µwgk Kvhµ g wnmv e wkÿv_xi mvs w ZK wekvk I evsjv ` ki Av_ mvgvwrk I fš MvwjK cwiw w Zi cwi cwö ÿ Z wewfbœ Rxeb`ÿZvgj~ K mgn~ AšfÍ ³z Kiv MÖnY Kiv Giv mvavib wkïi mv _ mv _ mkj ai bi cöwzeüx wkï KI hv Z cöwkÿy cö`vb Ki Z cv i m j ÿ Kvh Ki e e v MÖnY Kiv 49 (1): cöv_wgk I gva wgk ch v qi mkj wkÿv cöwzôv b wkÿv_x `i Rb Kve, nj ` cvwl, e qr vdu Ges Mvj MvBW wkÿvi e e v Kiv G ÿ Î mkj ai bi cöwzeüx wkïi AskMÖn Yi wu wbwðz Kwi Z 49 (2): ` ki mkj UKwbK vj zj I K jr, cwj UKwbK Bbw wudu, K jr I wek we` vj q wegbwmwm Ges ivfvi vdu Gi kvlv cöwzôv Kiv G ÿ Î mkj ai bi cöwzeüx wkïi AskMÖn Yi wu wbwðz Ki Z 50 (3): mncvv µwgk Kvh µg wnmv e mkj wkÿv_x i mvs wzk wekvk I evsjv ` ki Av_ mvgvwrk I fš MvwjK cwiw wzi cwi cöwÿ Z wewfbœ Rxeb`ÿZvg~jK mg~n AšÍf z³ Kiv GmKj mncvv µwgk Kvh µgmg~ n mkj ai bi cöwzeüx wkïi mwµq AskMÖn Yi wu wbwðz Ki Z evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx 37

17 RÛvi myweavewâz wkï (3): bvix wkÿv_x `i Rb Dch³y fšz AeKvVv gv I mvgvwrk cvwicvwkk Zv wbwðz Kwievi e e v biqv 47 (4): gva wgk Í ii ïiæ Z beg kwö Yi cvv µ g RÛvi vwwr Ges crö bb v^ AšfÍ ³ z Kiv 53 (3): bzzb ms hvrb: v bxq nvmcvzvj wksev v^ K `iª Wv³vi, mswkóø GjvKvi v^ Kgx, RbcwÖ Zwbwa, wkÿk Ges wkÿv KgK Zv `i mgš ^ q GKwU we kl wug MVb Kiv h Z cv i hviv Zv `i AvIZvf³z cwö ZwU we` vj q eq ii Kvb GKwU wbw`ó mgq cwö ZeÜx wkï kbv³ Ki e Ges Zv `i Rb hw` Kvb we kl mnvqzv wksev we kl mnvqk h ši c Ö qvrb nq Zvi mcy vwik Ki e 47 (3): bvix wkÿv_x `i Rb Dchy³ fšz AeKvVv gv, mvgvwrk cvwicvwk KZv I wbivcëv wbwðz Kievi e e v biqv 47 (4): gva wgk Í ii ïiæ Z beg köwyi cvv µ g RÛvi vwwr Ges cörbb ^v AšÍfz ³ Kiv 47 (6): bzzb ms hvrb: wkÿvi mkj Í i bvixcyiæl we f ` mgzv I mvg Zv wbwðz Kivi weavb MÖnY Kiv 48 (6): bzzb ms hvrb: kvixwik I µxov wkÿvi ÿ Î RÛvi mgzv, mkj ai bi cwö ZeÜx wkïi mgaskmnö Y wbwðz Kiv 38 evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx

18 (1): Bs iwr gva gi wkÿv cwö Zôvb e ZxZ wkÿvi mkj avivq cvö KcvÖ _wgk, cvö _wgk Ges gva wgk šz i wkÿvi gva g nb e evsjv 51 (4): wkÿv evwm g ~ ni KgK Zv I KgP vix `i Kg` ÿzv I MwZkxjZv ew i Rb c Ö qvrbxq cwö kÿ Yi e e v Kiv nb e Ges ckö vmwbk v^ _ h _vch³y KZc ÿi Ab y gv`b mv c ÿ Avš:Í evw e`wji e e v MnÖ Y Kiv 52 (1): wkÿv msµvší wm vší MnÖ Y cwö µqvq wkÿv_x, AwffveK I v bxq Rbmvavi Yi AskMnÖ Yi m y hvm mw ó Kiv we kl Kwiqv we` vj q môy z e e v cbvq wkïi mwµq AskMnÖ Y wbwðz Kiv 50 (1): Bs iwr gva gi wkÿv cwö Zôvb e ZxZ wkÿvi mkj avivq cvö KcvÖ _wgk, cvö _wgk Ges gva wgk š Í i wkÿvi gva g n e evsjv cvkvcvwk wkÿvi mkj Í i GKB wkÿvµ gi AvIZvq Bs iwr fvm b wklb klv bv Kvhµ gi m y hvm _vk Z Z e, hmkj wkÿv_xi gvzf vlv evsjv bq mmkj ÿ Î gvzf vlvwfwëk eûfvwlk wkÿv Kvhµ g (Multilingual education) Gi AvIZvq mikvi KZK wbav wiz wbw`ó kwö Y chš Í wklb klv bv Kvhµ g cwipvjbv Ki Z 51 (4): wkÿv evw mg~ ni Kg KZ v I Kg Pvix `i Kg `ÿzv I MwZkxjZv Ges GKxf Z wkÿvi aviyv e w i Rb cö qvrbxq cöwkÿ Yi e e v Kiv n e Ges cökvmwbk ^v _ h _vchy³ KZ c ÿi Aby gv`b mv c ÿ AvšÍ: evw e`wji e e v MÖnY Kiv 52 (1): wkÿv msµvší wm vší MnÖ Y cwö µqvq wkÿv_x, wkÿk, AwffveK I v bxq Rbmvavi Yi AskMnÖ Yi m y hvm mw ó Kiv we kl K i we` vj q môy z e e v cbvq wkïi mwµq AskMnÖ Y wbwðz Kiv G ÿ Î cwö ZeÜx wkï I Zv `i AwffveK `i AskMnÖ Y wbwðz Ki Z evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx 39

19 (4): mkj wkÿv cwö Zôv bi wkÿk AwffveK Ges QvÎ QvÎx `i Rb AvPiY wewagvjv cyö qb Kiv ÔAšfÍ w z ³gj~ KÕ k ãi e envi ÔcwÖ ZewÜÕ k ãi e envi 52 (4): i mkj wkÿv cöwzôv bi wkÿk AwffveK Ges QvÎ QvÎx `i Rb AvPiY wewagvjv cöyq b GKxf Z wkÿvi aviyv we epbv Kiv 56 (8): bzzb ms hvrb: cövkcöv_wgk, cöv_wgk, gva wgk Ges D Pwkÿvmn wkÿvi mkj ší i wkÿk cöwkÿ Y GKxf Z wkÿv Aek B AšÍfz ³ _vk e cy iv WKz g U ÔAšÍf ~w³g~jkõ k ãi cwie Z ÔGKxf ZÕ kã e eüz cy iv WKz g U ÔcÖwZewÜÕ k ãi cwie Z ÔcÖwZeÜxÕ kã e eüz Av jvpbv I Dcmsnvi evsjv ` k GKxf Z wkÿv msµvší wewfbœ M elyv hgb, AvRg, Avnmvb I mvc`, 2009; Avnmvb, 2006; Ahsan (2013) Ges Ahsan & Mullick (2013) cöf wzi djvdj ch v jvpbv Ki j `Lv hvq h GKxf Z wkÿvevüe AvBb I bxwzgvjv cöyq bi ÿ Î evsjv `k ek cöksmbxq AMÖMwZ AR b K i Q Z e GmKj M elyvi djvdj we køly _ K GwUI cözxqgvb nq h, evsjv ` k AvBb I bxwzgvjvmgy ni wkqzwkqz avivdcaviv GKxf Z wkÿvi AbyK~ j bq cö ÍvweZ wkÿv AvBb 2013 Gi aviv Dcavivmg~ ni Dci DwjøwLZ ch v jvpbv _ K ejv hvq h, GKxf Z wkÿvi mwvk I mdj ev Íevq bi j ÿ AvBbwUi aviv Dcavivmg~ ni wkqz wkqz As k ms kvab I cwigvr b AZ ší Riæwi GKxf Z wkÿvmswkøó mg~n K we epbvq i L wewfbœ ch v qi e w³ `i mgš^ q w`be vcx Kg kvjvi gva g cövß h mywbw` ó mycvwikgvjv cöeüwu Z D jøl Kiv n q Q Zv hw` h_vh_ KZ cÿ iæ Z i mv _ we epbv K ib Z e wbtm ` n Avgiv GKwU hy Mvc hvmx GKxf Z wkÿvevüe wkÿv AvBb cve h Kvb AvB bi ev Íe cö qvmb AvBbwUi D Ïk AR bi g~j PvweKvwV mv úªwzk GKxf Z wkÿvk M elyv [ hgb, Ahmmed, Sharma & Deppeler, 2012; Ahsan, Deppeler, & Sharma, 2013] _ K cözxqgvb nq h, evsjv ` k GKxf Z wkÿvevüe AvBb I bxwzgvjv _vkv m Z I G `i cöv qvwmk ÿîmg~ n GLbI mdjzv AR bi c _ A bk P v jä we` gvb Kv RB, cö ZvweZ Lmov wkÿv AvBbÑ 2013 hw` mdjfv e GKxf Z wkÿv ev Zevq b fzwgkv ivl Z cv i, 40 evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx

20 Z e Avkv Kiv hvq h evsjv ` ki mkj wkï I bvmwik gvbm Z wkÿv AR bi gva g we k i `iev i GKwU GKxf Z mgvr MV bi ` óvší m wó Ki Z cvi e Z_ m~î AvRg, m. Avnmvb, gvnv ` ZvwiK I mvc`, Av.(2009).evsjv ` ki wøzxq cöv_wgk wkÿv Dbœqb Kg m~wp I GKxf~Z wkÿv evsjv `k wkÿv mvgwqkx, el 6, msl v 2, c.2129 Avnmvb, gvnv ` ZvwiK (2006). gj~ avivi wkÿv I we kl Pvwn`vm úbœ wkï evsjv `k wkÿv mvgwqkx, el 4, msl v 1, c. 714 Ÿ Ahmmed, M., Sharma, U.& Deppeler, J. (2012).Variables affecting teachers attitudes towards inclusive education in Bangladesh.Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 12 (3), Ÿ Ahsan, M. T. (2013). National baseline study for developing a model of inclusive primary education in Bangladesh project based on secondary data. Dhaka: Plan Bangladesh. Ÿ Ahsan, M. T., Deppeler, J., & Sharma, U. (2013).Predicting preservice teachers preparedness for inclusive education: Bangladeshi preservice teachers attitudes and perceived teachingefficacy for inclusive education. Cambridge Journal of Education, 43 (4), DOI: / X Ÿ Ahsan, M. T. & Mullick, J. (2013). The journey towards inclusive education in Bangladesh: Lessons Learned. Prospects, 43(2), DOI /s Ÿ DPE (2005).Second primary education development programme (PEDP II): Situational analysis, strategies and action plan for mainstreaming special needs children s education. Dhaka: DPE. Ÿ DPE (2011).Third primary education development programme (PEDP3): Main document. Dhaka: DPE. Ÿ MOE (2010).The national education policy Dhaka: The Government of Bangladesh. Ÿ MOE (2013).The proposed draft education act Dhaka: Law Cell, MOE. Ÿ MOPME (1990).The compulsory primary education act Dhaka: MOPME. Ÿ MOPME (2003).Learning for change: Education for all national plan of action ( ). Dhaka: Ministry of Primary and Mass Education (MOPME), Government of the Peoples' Republic of Bangladesh. Ÿ MOWCA. (2011). The national child policy Dhaka: Government of Bangladesh. Ÿ MSW (2001).The Bangladesh persons with disabilities welfare act Dhaka: BG Press. Ÿ TQISEP (2006).Putting quality into TQI: The role of a quality assurance framework. Dhaka: TQISEP. Ÿ UNESCO. (1994). Salamanca statement and framework for action on special education needs. Paris: United Nations. evsjv `k wk v mvgwqkx 41