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1 9:; QRSTUVSRWXYZ[3R\]^_RVSE`aGbc?defJgh imj

2 klm3no P.12 Xpqrst u4nkm3vwx yz{

3 Ä2!"#$%&'()*! +,-.#/%01*"# 23(4#567*$ 89:#567*% +,-.#A9B#CD*' # 23(4#EF*()*(+,-./ +,-*#)*#+)0-1/ Üárà3âä%(Energy Flow)! ^S} 4~ ÑSÖ!"!"# ÅÇrÉ!"#$!"#$% +,-a#cdo ai =!ER a T i LS"# +,-b#cdo 2i =!ER 2 T i LS"# P.18 ãå O a2 3O a1 O 22 3O 21 MNOP C = L O a1 + O a2 O 21 + O 22 Ä2N3çédèSÉ_Åê_WJëíiMEìî ïñó3òôröîõúöjùmûnaüñ GH9IJK9

4~3 6Üárà%(Radiation Energy of Light Source) 4~3 o@ 4îƒ Sî À4 îledîhidã ps 3 6Æ

4 4~3 6Üárà%(Radiation Energy of Light Source) 4~3 4îƒ Sî À4 îledîhidã ps 3 6Æ %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%! " # $ %%%%%%%%%%%$ % %!ß $&''' & ' %æø!! "' %Ø ± ß º ß! (' % Øµ ± ª 3n4n GH9IJK9

5 fl2ï 35678%(Spectral Reflectance) /%7QRS /'.' -',' +' *' )' (' &' ÕŒuœ] î Wî S îòò Rî Sœsî œd x uÿqÿîœ] d x Ÿ P.15 ÕŒuÿQÿî îè îfi_qsd x ' )'' +''000-''000/''00&&''0&)''00&+''00&-''0&/''00(&''00()''0(+'' TUVWXY GH9IJK9

6 ó 3Â ÊÁË^S}3ÈÍÎ CCD3Q\]`ab ++ S CCD4Q\]`ab S TU_(nm) Z[89: P.34 \]89:^_ CCD2 + CCD ó 3Â ÊÁË^S}3ÈÍÎu% + Ï-k É Ìî + + ghiajj9k`4 lkm noj`4lkm ÓSÉÔ W Òîx

7 ÅÇrÉ3ÈÍÎ Transmittance of Filter ÅÇrÉ3ÈÍÎT(x) W`õ ÈÍÎ(%) T(x)= vımˆx ÚÛÙ mˆ(nm) GH9IJK9

8 ÕŒNŸ3 3 L3çémˆt3 Most Suitable Wavelength Bands ÈÍÎ Â u x )"" '" %"!" Ÿ3"F56Î ÕŒ3"F56Î ÅÇr ˇt!3 ˇt, -. $"" $$" '$" (&" %&" Ä2%vımˆ% ÚÛÙ% C (nm) (nm) ÿqÿ% œ] % W% \ S% œ% *" C = O a2 3O a1 O 22 3O L 21 O a1 + O a2 O 21 + O 22 " +""!""###$""###%""###&""###'""###(""##)"""##))""##)*""##)+""# mˆ GH9IJK9

9 fl2ï 35678%(Spectral Reflectance) /'.' ÕŒuœ] î Wî S îòò Rî Sœsî œd x -' ÕŒuÿQÿî îè îfi_qsd x /%7QRS,' +' *' )' 850 uÿqÿîœ] d x Ÿ (' &' ' )'' 970 +''000-''000/''00&&''0&)''00&+''00&-''0&/''00(&''00()''0(+'' TUVWXY GH9IJK9

10 #$3n45678 P.17

11 :;< P.17

12 %&3' 3n45678 P.18

13 PL filtering Light and Dome PL filter Light Camera True color Reflecting plate Mirror Halation Wall reflectance Diffuser Light Camera Dec.26, PL filtering 2007, CAU Dome or diffuser

14 Problems on image acquisition (Dome and diffuser) Halation Surrounding walls reflection

15 Effect of PL filtering Wall reflection Walls of dome or diffuser PL filtering image (Two PL filters are used in front of camera and light) Dome image

16 Cuticular layer of apple fruit Cuticular layer Epidermis Halation Parenchyma

DL with PL filter (more than 1000nm) Fan 120 white

17 DL with PL filter (more than 1000nm) Fan 120 white LEDs Halogen lamp PL filter (800( 000nm) Heat absorption filters DL is an SI Seiko-original illumination equipment for image acquisition to make direct lighting possible. Small poweru 0Wx%and high conversion efficiency from electricity into light. Dec.26, 2007, CAU

18 ƒ^_rvs)*3a+, Light source Camera Scattered light The first polarizing filter The second polarizing filter Cuticlar layer Epidermal cell Parenchyma cell Absorption scattering Plant Surface

19 Biological materials category 1 (glossy surface fruits: apples, tomato, eggplant, pepper, lemon) category 2 (short hair fruits or powdery fruits: kiwi, peach, pear, banana) category 3 (root vegetables: potato, Daikon radish)

20 Lighting Device Arrangement Arrangement 1 (Dome walls and 4 DLs) Arrangement 2 and 3 (Diffusers or PL filters and 4 DLs)

21 Category 1 (Smooth and thick cuticle) Walls of dome Apple Dome Diffuser PL filter Eggplant

22 Category 2 (Rough cuticle) Pear Dome Diffuser PL filter Peach

23 Category 3 (No cuticle) Daikon radish Dome Diffuser PL filter Potato

24 + -./ 0 1 % 2 / 3 % ª4 % 15 % ª- 166%. 78/ % % / :0 7; 66 Degree of gloss: SD within twice area of halation "!! *! )! (! '! &! %! $! #! "!! 81C40 Category 3 74C974 B @@=8907 =19., =19: =1==1: Category 2 9==812 Category 1! =47974 #! %! '! )! "!! "#! :9A-2, +, :389;1:3<=->18 ) (100 pixels is almost 25 µm.)

25 Images on different exposure conditions Exp.1 (dark) Exp.2 (mid) Exp.3 (bright) Dome Diffuser PL filter

26 HSI on different exposure conditions Exp.1 (dark) Exp.2 (mid) Exp.3 (bright) Dome Diffuser PL filter

27 Hue Exp.1 (dark) Exp.2 (mid) Exp.3 (bright) Dome Diffuser DL with PL filter

28 !("!'" Hue on different exposure conditions!&"!%"!!"!$" :4;;5<=0 )*+,#12 )*+,$ )*+, (Average hue value change except too bright and too dark pixels)

29 Saturation Exp.1 (dark) Exp.2 (mid) Exp.3 (bright) Dome Diffuser DL with PL filter

30 Saturation on different exposure conditions "!! &%! &$! &#! &"! &!! %! $! #! "!! '()*&+, '()*"+12,2310 '()* :;. 8<1; => (Average hue value change except too bright and too dark pixels)

31 Polarization on crops w.pl No PL Cuticular Layer

$: angle of incidence n : refractive index n!$ ! P-component S-component When n is 1.5, Brewster angle is 56.3.

32 Polarization Tan!<%n angle of incidence angle of reflection! : angle of incidence n : refractive index n!! P-component S-component When n is 1.5, Brewster angle is Reflectance(%) S-polarization P-polarization Angle of incidence

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