(إملء الفراغات) 1. Using the attached rules of grammar, fill in the blanks الفعل المضارع مرفوع بال الفعل الماضي مبني علي ال الفعل األمر مبني علي الفعل

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1 (إملء الفراغات) 1. Using the attached rules of grammar, fill in the blanks الفعل المضارع مرفوع بال الفعل الماضي مبني علي ال الفعل األمر مبني علي الفعل المستقبل فعل أمر المستقبل الفاعل )subject( المفعول به (object) المفرد يرفع بال وينصب بال ويجر بال المثني يرفع بال وينصب بال ويجر بال جمع المذكر السالم يرفع بال وينصب بال ويجر بال جمع المؤنث السالم يرفع بال وينصب بال ويجر بال جمع التكسير السالم يرفع بال وينصب بال ويجر بال المبتدأ )subject( الخبر )predicate( 2. Translate the following sentences and grammar them. I did one example to follow: Mohamed is Drinking the water Fatimah ate the meat Said Drank water ش ر ب س ع يد الم اء ش ر ب : ف ع ل م اض ي م ب ن ي ع ل ي الف ت ح ة س ع يد : ف اع ل م ر ف وع ب الض م ة الم اء : م ف ع ول ب ه م ن ص وب ب الف ت ح ة ف ع ل ف اع ل Object م ف ع ول ب ه

2 The boy will eat the dinner Khalid will bring the book Ahmed ate the apple ف ع ل ف اع ل Object م ف ع ول ب ه Eat the dinner Read the sentence Bring your book ف ع ل ف اع ل Object م ف ع ول ب ه The boy is tall The fruits are plenty The tree is tall م ب ت د أ Predicate خ ب ر The woman is rich The man is old Fatima is beautiful م ب ت د أ Predicate خ ب ر

3 Harakat Sound of Letters الحركات ال تشك يل سكون ضمة ف تحة ك سرة Grammar Types of Words أن و اع الك ل م ات ف ع ل Noun إ س م Letter ح ر ف م ن م ا ه ل ل ل م Present ف ع ل م ض ار ع م ر ف و ع ي ل ع ب ي ش ر ب Future Command ف ع ل أ م ر م س ت ق ب ل م ب ن ي ع ل ي ال س ك و ن س ت ل ع ب س ت ش ر ب Future ف ع ل م س ت ق ب ل م ر ف و ع س ي ل ع ب س ي ش ر ب Command ف ع ل أ م ر م ب ن ي ع ل ي ال س ك و ن إ ل ع ب إ ش ر ب Past ف ع ل م اض ي م ب ن ي ع ل ي أ ل ف ت ح ل ع ب ش ر ب

4 Noun Grammar Types of Words أن و اع الك ل م ات ف ع ل Noun إ س م Letter ح ر ف م ن م ا ه ل ل ل م Divide by Gender ال ت ق س ي م م ن ح يث النو ع Divide by Count ال ت ق س ي م م ن ح يث الع د د Female م ؤ ن ث ب ن ت Male م ذ ك ر و ل د Plural ج م ع أ و ل د ب ن ات Double م ث ن ى و ل د ان و ل د ي ن ب ن ت ان ب ن ت ي ن Singular م ف ر د و ل د ب ن ت Irregular ج م ع ت ك س ي ر و ل د أو ل د ح ص ان أ ح ص ن ة Regular Female Plural ج م ع م ؤ نث س ال م ب ن ت ب ن ات Regular Male Plural ج م ع م ذ ك ر س ال م ل ع ب ل ع ب ون ل ع ب ي ن ياء Count Regularity Gender مرفوع منصوب مجرور Male واو ياء Plural جمع Regular سالم مذكر Female مؤنث ضمة كسرة Irregular تكسير ضمة فتحة كسرة ألف كسرة فتحة ضمة Double مثني Singular مفرد How to convert singular to double, regular male plural and regular female plural المثني (double) = المفرد + ان ين كتاب -< كتابان كتابين الجمع المذكر السالم( Plural (Standard Male = المفرد + ون ين لعب -< لعبون لعبين الجمع المؤنث السالم Plural) (Standard Female = المفرد + ات بنت -< بنات

5 ف Types of s المبتدأ مرفوع والخبر مرفوع ) خ ب ر ( Predicate + (م ب ت د أ ( s are two types Noun : Starts with a noun -> الفاعل مرفوع والمفعول به منصوب (م عو ل ب ه ( Object + (ف ا ع ل ( + (ف ع ل ( sentence: Starts with a verb <- or + Object +

6 19 Grammar 1. and Predicate » ¾ Allah is creator. Muhammad (peace be upon him, pbuh) is prophet. Tariq is Mujahid (one who struggles) The sentences like these are composed of a subject and a predicate which are called ¾ and » in. To translate such sentences into, just put Tanveen ( Æ ) on each of these words (in case they are singular masculine). Tanveen ( Æ ) is also known as double pesh or double dhammah. Allah is creator. Muhammad (pbuh) is Prophet. Tariq is a Mujahid. ê ó»é È Ž û¾ø ¾ ÿ Æ¼Ê Š ************************ Vocabulary for Lesson No. 1 ************************ creator ê ó» big ZŽ Šï religion úê prophet Ž û mg. slave ¾ ß one ¾ È one who ¾ ÿ pious ó Ï scholar ö ó ß struggles house ª truthful Æ¼Ê Ï ======================= Exercises for Lesson No. 1 ======================= Using the words and their meanings given above, translate the following sentences into. The translation is also provided to help you check your answers. The house is big. The slave is pious. ZŽ Šïª óè ó Ͼ à ó The Muslim is truthful. Æ¼Ê Ïö ôèø óè Islam is a religion. Allah is one. Javeed is a scholar úê É ŠôÇ óè ¾ ÈÂÉ È ö ó ߾ʠ³ 19

7 20 Grammar 2. Masculine and Feminine Genders ûš ÈÂÂMïŠÀ You must have heard the names, for e.g., ˆò ø³ for a boy and ˆ Šô ø³ for a girl. There lies the rule. Just put at the end of a masculine (singular) word to make it feminine (singular). For example, ˆ ïè ïè ˆ ó Ï ó Ï Æ ¾ Ë È ¾ Ë È ˆ ü š ú š Æ ¾Ž ß ¾Ž ß ¾ ó» ¾ ó» Notes: 1. has two genders, i.e., masculine gender and feminine gender. There is no common gender in. 2. A common sign of a feminine word is (in general) as the last letter of the word. 3. To make a specific reference, we put Ì¾È in front of a common noun in just as we put "the" in front of a common noun in. When Ì¾È is attached to an word, we remove one of É (dhamma or pesh) from the two Æ (Tanveen or double pesh). For example, ɾÇÂóÈ Æ¾ÇÈ ÉÀŠ Èû óè ÆÀ ÈûÊ ¾ø óè ¾ø 4. Occasionally, the prefix Ì¾È is used to imply generality also. For e.g., À Èû óè (the human being). 5. If the ¾º (subject) is feminine, then its  º» (predicate) will also be feminine. For example, ó ÏÉ Š óè ˆ ó ÏN Œ óè Additional rules for making feminine gender of dual and plural nouns are given in the following lesson. 20

8 21 Grammar ************************ Vocabulary for Lesson No. 2 ************************ mg. small Z äï uncle (mother's brother) ƾ» mg. beautiful ˆò ø³ fg. small Æ Z äï aunt (mother's sister) ˆ Šó» fg. beautiful ˆ Šô ø³ mg. big ZŽ Šï mg. truthful Æ¼Ê Ï son ú Ê fg. big Æ ZŽ Šï brother Æ È daughter ªüŽ mg. intelligent ïè mg. worshipper ¾Ž ß father Æ È uncle (father's brother) öß fg. worshipper Æ ¾Ž ß mother K É aunt (father's sister) ˆ øß sister ª»É ======================= Exercises for Lesson No. 2 ======================= Find out the masculine and feminine words in the following sentences and translate them into. The translation is also provided to help you check your answers. The son is beautiful. ˆò ø³ú óè The daughter is beautiful.ˆ Šô ø³ªüž óè The father is pious. The mother is pious. The uncle is big. The aunt is big. ó ÏÉ Š óè ˆ ó ÏN Œ óè ZŽ Šïöà óè Æ ZŽ ŠïŒ øà óè The brother is intelligent. The sister is intelligent. The uncle is truthful. The aunt is truthful. The son is small. The daughter is small. ï É Š óè ˆ ïè ª»Œ óè Æ¼Ê Ïɾ ¼ óè ˆ ŠëÊ ÏŒ Šó ¼ óè Z äïú Žœ óè Æ Z äïªüž óè 21

9 22 Grammar 3. Numbers: Singular, Dual and Plural Þø³ Žü «¾ È There are specific rules in for making singular, dual, and plural forms of a word. (Yes, dual is a separate and distinct Number in ). There are two types of plurals in. Solid Plural (ö ó ºÇÞf ) and Broken Plural ( ZÊÈ ð«þf ). The plural form depends upon the context in which it is used, as shown below (for the Solid Plural case only): 'Aaraab forms Plural Dual Singular Gender mg. Œç with Dhamma ( É- ); ÈÀø ôè ÊÀ ø ôè ö ôè when used as subject Ç ø ôè ÊÀ ø ôè ˆ ø ôè fg. Ðü with Fatha (È- ); Ž[ ø ôè Žúø ôè ö ôè mg. when used as object Ç ø ôè Žú ø ôè ø ôè fg. Ì with Kasra ( Ê- ); Ž[ ø ôè Žúø ôè ö ôè mg. when the noun is used with preposition Ç ø ôè Žú ø ôè ø ôè fg. ******************* Vocabulary & Exercises for Lesson No. 3 ******************* Try to practice the rules of making dual and plural by reproducing the above table for the following words (both for masculine and feminine case): hypocrite ê ç ü believer ú š disbeliever Â ç Šï patient ÂŽ Ï helper Â Ï û worshipper ¾Ž ß scholar ö ó ß one who struggles ¾ ÿ one who  ï È remembers pious ó Ï killer ˆò «Šë truthful Æ¼Ê Ï protector ˆÚ ç one who prostrates ¾Ž³ Ç prophet Ž û 22